Evidence
Health issue
Level of Concern
Source
EPA testing shows this substance has very high acute toxicity to aquatic life
some
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): EPA Fathead Minnow Acute Toxicity Database
NTP Toxcast scored 2.5-3.5
some
National Toxicology Program (NTP): EWG Toxcast Analysis
Categorised as possible contact allergen.
some
EU Cosmetics Directive: Opinion on Frangrance allergens in cosmetics (2011)
Evidence of skin irritation in animal testing.
some
J. Lalko, A. Lapczynski, D. McGinty, S. Bhatia, C. S. Letizia & A. M. Api. 2007. Fragrance material review on beta-ionone. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 45 Suppl 1, S241-7.
Impacts on liver enzyme function observed in rats.
some
T. C. Jeong, H. K. Gu, Y. J. Chun, C. H. Yun, S. Han & J. K. Roh. 1998. Effects of beta-ionone on the expression of cytochrome P450s and NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase in Sprague Dawley rats. Chemico-biological interactions 114(1-2), 97-107.
Impacts on liver enzyme activity observed in mice.
some
T. C. Jeong, H. K. Gu, J. I. Park, H. I. Yun, H. C. Kim, C. S. Ha & J. K. Roh. 1999. Pretreatment of male BALB/c mice with beta-ionone potentiates thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity. Toxicology letters 105(1), 39-46.
Impacts on liver enzyme function observed in rats.
some
Hye Gwang Jeong, Young-Jin Chun, Chul-Ho Yun, Chang-Kiu Moon, Hye-Sook Lee, Sang Seop Han, Eung-Seok Lee & Tae Cheon Jeong. 2002. Induction of cytochrome P450 1A and 2B by alpha- and beta-ionone in Sprague Dawley rats. Archives of pharmacal research 25(2), 197-201.
Cellular assays show evidence of endocrine activity.
some
National Toxicology Program (NTP): EWG Toxcast Analysis
Evidence of eye irritation in animal testing.
low
J. Lalko, A. Lapczynski, D. McGinty, S. Bhatia, C. S. Letizia & A. M. Api. 2007. Fragrance material review on beta-ionone. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 45 Suppl 1, S241-7.
No evidence of skin sensitization in human or animal testing.
low
J. Lalko, A. Lapczynski, D. McGinty, S. Bhatia, C. S. Letizia & A. M. Api. 2007. Fragrance material review on beta-ionone. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 45 Suppl 1, S241-7.
No evidence of developmental or reproductive toxicity in animal testing.
low
J. Lalko, A. Lapczynski, D. McGinty, S. Bhatia, C. S. Letizia & A. M. Api. 2007. Fragrance material review on beta-ionone. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 45 Suppl 1, S241-7.
In vitro testing with bacteria found no evidence of genotoxicity.
low
J. Lalko, A. Lapczynski, D. McGinty, S. Bhatia, C. S. Letizia & A. M. Api. 2007. Fragrance material review on beta-ionone. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 45 Suppl 1, S241-7.
This substance is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) as a food additive by the US Food and Drug Administration
Only in: Household Cleaners
Only in: Household Cleaners
low
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA): FDA - Priority based Assessment of Food Additive (PAFA)
