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CITRUS AURANTIUM DULCIS (ORANGE) PEEL OIL

 

Restricted: EWG VERIFIED products cannot contain this ingredient without adequate substantiation.

Asthma/Respiratory
 
Some Concern
 
Skin Allergies &
Irritation
 
Some Concern
 
Developmental &
Reproductive Toxicity
 
Low Concern
 
Cancer
 
Low Concern
 
Environment
 
No Data, Some Concern
 
Top scoring factors: Evidence of acute aquatic toxicity; skin irritation/allergies/damage; respiratory effects
CITRUS AURANTIUM DULCIS (ORANGE) PEEL OIL can be found in 149 products.
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Evidence

Health issue
 
Level of Concern
 
Source
Component: D-LIMONENE
EPA testing shows this substance has high acute toxicity to aquatic life
 
some
 
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): EPA Fathead Minnow Acute Toxicity Database
The European Commission's Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety reports this substance is an established contact allergen in humans.
 
some
 
EU Cosmetics Directive: Opinion on Frangrance allergens in cosmetics (2011)
Component: D-LIMONENE
Recognized by the European Union as a skin allergen
 
some
 
EU Cosmetics Directive: Allergen list
Component: D-LIMONENE
The European Commission's Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety reports this substance is an established contact allergen in humans.
 
some
 
EU Cosmetics Directive: Opinion on Frangrance allergens in cosmetics (2011)
Component: D-LIMONENE
dermatitis, skin allergy
 
some
 
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1994. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Limonene.
Component: D-LIMONENE
This peer-reviewed study reports this substance causes occupational asthma.
 
some
 
Fabrizio Guarneri, Olga Barbuzza, Mario Vaccaro & Giuseppe Galtieri. 2008. Allergic contact dermatitis and asthma caused by limonene in a labourer handling citrus fruits. Contact dermatitis 58(5), 315-6.
Component: D-LIMONENE
skin irritation
 
some
 
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1994. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Limonene.
May cause an allergic skin reaction
Only in: Household Cleaners
 
some
 
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Causes skin irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
 
some
 
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review panel concludes this substance is safe for use when formulated to be non-irritating.
 
some
 
Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR): CIR Assessments
Component: D-LIMONENE
Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans
 
low
 
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC): Agents classified by the IARC Monographs (through Volume 127)
A review article reports this substance may have anticarcinogenic activity
 
low
 
F. Bakkali, S. Averbeck, D. Averbeck & M. Idaomar. 2008. Biological effects of essential oils--a review. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 46(2), 446-75.
A peer-reviewed study reports that botanical oils prevent oxidative damage.
 
low
 
Kevin P. Anthony, Suziat A. Deolu-Sobogun & Mahmoud A. Saleh. 2012. Comprehensive assessment of antioxidant activity of essential oils. Journal of food science 77(8), C839-43.
This substance is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) as a food additive by the US Food and Drug Administration
Only in: Household Cleaners
 
low
 
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA): FDA - Priority based Assessment of Food Additive (PAFA)
A review article reports this substance is not mutagenic
 
low
 
F. Bakkali, S. Averbeck, D. Averbeck & M. Idaomar. 2008. Biological effects of essential oils--a review. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 46(2), 446-75.
Component: D-LIMONENE
This substance is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) as a food additive by the US Food and Drug Administration
Only in: Household Cleaners
 
low
 
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA): FDA - Priority based Assessment of Food Additive (PAFA)
Component: D-LIMONENE
developmental and reproductive toxicity
 
low
 
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1994. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Limonene.
Component: D-LIMONENE
mutagenicity and/or DNA damage
 
low
 
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1994. Reregistration Eligibility Decision (RED) Limonene.
 
 
About the ratings About the ratings
EWG provides information on cleaning product ingredients from the published scientific... continue reading →
EWG provides information on cleaning product ingredients from published scientific literature, to supplement incomplete data available from companies and the government. The ratings indicate the relative level of concern posed by exposure to the ingredients in this product - not the product itself - compared to other product formulations. The ratings reflect potential health hazards but do not account for the level of exposure or individual susceptibility, factors that determine actual health risks, if any. (Hide)
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