A peer-reviewed publication reports some quaternary ammonium compounds cause reproductive toxicity in animals.
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some
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Vanessa E. Melin, Travis E. Melin, Brian J. Dessify, Christina T. Nguyen, Caroline S. Shea & Terry C. Hrubec. 2015. Quaternary Ammonium Disinfectants Cause Subfertility in Mice by Targeting both Male and Female Reproductive Processes. Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.).
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A peer-reviewed publication reports some quaternary ammonium compounds cause reproductive toxicity in animals.
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some
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Vanessa E. Melin, Haritha Potineni, Patricia Hunt, Jodi Griswold, Bill Siems, Stephen R. Werre & Terry C. Hrubec. 2014. Exposure to common quaternary ammonium disinfectants decreases fertility in mice. Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) 50, 163-70.
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Generally accepted as an asthmagen.
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some
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Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics (AOEC): AOEC Exposure Code List (2020 Update)
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Quaternary ammonium compounds detected in human blood was associated with increased inflammation, decreased mitochondrial function and disruption of cholesterol.
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some
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Terry C. Hrubec, Ryan P. Seguin, Libin Xu, Gino A. Cortopassi, Sandipan Datta, Alexandra L. Hanlon, Alicia J. Lozano, Valerie A. McDonald, Claire A. Healy, Tyler C. Anderson, Najaha A. Musse & Richard T. Williams. 2021. Altered toxicological endpoints in humans from common quaternary ammonium compound disinfectant exposure. Toxicology reports 8, 646-656.
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Organohalogen compounds are often found to be persistent in the environment, bioaccumulative, and associated with chronic health concerns
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some
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Prasada Rao S. Kodavanti & Bommanna G. Loganathan. 2017. Organohalogen Pollutants and Human Health. International Encyclopedia of Public Health, 359-366.
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Suspected of causing cancer
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some
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EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
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Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
Only in: Oven Cleaner; Drain Opener/Clog Remover; Hard Water Stain Remover; Toilet Cleaner; Stove Top Cleaner; Household Cleaners
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some
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EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
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Known to cause cancer
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some
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California OEHHA (Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment): Proposition 65 List (2020 Update)
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Carcinogenic to humans
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some
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International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC): Agents classified by the IARC Monographs (through Volume 127)
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Known To Be Human Carcinogen
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some
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National Toxicology Program (NTP): NTP 14th Report on Carcinogens
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Probably carcinogenic to humans
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some
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Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): EPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) - Cancer
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Toxic if swallowed
Only in: Household Cleaners
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some
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EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
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Toxic in contact with skin
Only in: Household Cleaners
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some
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EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
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Toxic if inhaled
Only in: Household Cleaners
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some
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EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
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Causes nasal cancer
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some
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
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Generally accepted as an asthmagen.
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some
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Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics (AOEC): AOEC Exposure Code List (2020 Update)
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suspected human carcinogen
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some
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American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH): Threshold Limit Value (TLV) Basis
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This substance impacted cholesterol biosynthesis.
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some
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Josi Herron, Rosalyn C. Reese, Keri A. Tallman, Rohini Narayanaswamy, Ned A. Porter & Libin Xu. 2016. Identification of Environmental Quaternary Ammonium Compounds as Direct Inhibitors of Cholesterol Biosynthesis. Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 151(2), 261-70.
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Quaternary ammonium compounds altered neurodevelopment in cells.
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some
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Josi M. Herron, Hideaki Tomita, Collin C. White, Terrance J. Kavanagh & Libin Xu. 2021. Benzalkonium Chloride Disinfectants Induce Apoptosis, Inhibit Proliferation, and Activate the Integrated Stress Response in a 3-D in Vitro Model of Neurodevelopment. Chemical research in toxicology 34(5), 1265-1274.
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May cause an allergic skin reaction
Only in: Household Cleaners
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some
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EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
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European Union Ecolabel program data shows this substance has high acute toxicity to aquatic life
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some
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EU Ecolabel: Detergents Ingredients Database
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Causes severe skin burns and eye damage
Only in: Drain Opener/Clog Remover; Oven Cleaner; Hard Water Stain Remover; Toilet Cleaner; Stove Top Cleaner; Household Cleaners
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some
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EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
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Causes respiratory irritation
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some
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
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Causes skin irritation
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some
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
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May cause an allergic skin reaction
Only in: Household Cleaners
|
some
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European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
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NTP Toxcast scored 1.5-2.5
|
some
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National Toxicology Program (NTP): EWG Toxcast Analysis
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causes serious eye irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
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some
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European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
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eye irritation
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low
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American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH): Threshold Limit Value (TLV) Basis
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EPA testing shows this substance has moderate acute toxicity to aquatic life
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low
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Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): EPA Fathead Minnow Acute Toxicity Database
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EPA testing shows this substance has moderate acute toxicity to aquatic life
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low
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Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): EPA Fathead Minnow Acute Toxicity Database
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The European Union Ecolabel program reports this substance is readily biodegradable.
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low
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EU Ecolabel: Detergents Ingredients Database
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