Evidence
Health issue
Level of Concern
Source
May cause an allergic skin reaction
Only in: Household Cleaners
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Causes skin irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Sensitization to J. communalis derivatives has been reported in humans
some
Sebastiano Gangemi, Paola L. Minciullo, Marco Miroddi, Ioanna Chinou, Gioacchino Calapai & Richard J. Schmidt. 2015. Contact dermatitis as an adverse reaction to some topically used European herbal medicinal products - part 2: Echinacea purpurea-Lavandula angustifolia. Contact dermatitis 72(4), 193-205.
causes serious eye irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
J. communis oil exhibited antioxidant properties in vitro.
low
Martina Höferl, Ivanka Stoilova, Erich Schmidt, Jürgen Wanner, Leopold Jirovetz, Dora Trifonova, Lutsian Krastev & Albert Krastanov. 2014. Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Juniper Berry (Juniperus communis L.) Essential Oil. Action of the Essential Oil on the Antioxidant Protection of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Model Organism. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 3(1), 81-98.
J. communalis derivatives were not irritating or phototoxic in human or animal patch tests.
low
Sebastiano Gangemi, Paola L. Minciullo, Marco Miroddi, Ioanna Chinou, Gioacchino Calapai & Richard J. Schmidt. 2015. Contact dermatitis as an adverse reaction to some topically used European herbal medicinal products - part 2: Echinacea purpurea-Lavandula angustifolia. Contact dermatitis 72(4), 193-205.
A review article reports this substance may have anticarcinogenic activity
low
F. Bakkali, S. Averbeck, D. Averbeck & M. Idaomar. 2008. Biological effects of essential oils--a review. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 46(2), 446-75.
A peer-reviewed study reports that botanical oils prevent oxidative damage.
low
Kevin P. Anthony, Suziat A. Deolu-Sobogun & Mahmoud A. Saleh. 2012. Comprehensive assessment of antioxidant activity of essential oils. Journal of food science 77(8), C839-43.
This substance is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) as a food additive by the US Food and Drug Administration
Only in: Household Cleaners
Only in: Household Cleaners
low
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA): FDA - Priority based Assessment of Food Additive (PAFA)
A review article reports this substance is not mutagenic
low
F. Bakkali, S. Averbeck, D. Averbeck & M. Idaomar. 2008. Biological effects of essential oils--a review. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association 46(2), 446-75.
