Chloroform
Schofield Waterworks
Chloroform, one of the total trihalomethanes (TTHMs), is formed when chlorine or other disinfectants are used to treat drinking water. Chloroform and other disinfection byproducts increase the risk of cancer and may cause problems during pregnancy. Read More.
In addition to tap water disinfection, chloroform pollution in the environment also comes from industrial discharges from pulp and paper mills, and from urban wastewater effluent. Human studies show that chloroform damages the kidneys, liver and central nervous system. In animals, chloroform causes infertility, birth defects and cancer.
Samples
Samples exceeding legal limit (MCL)
Samples exceeding
health guidelines
Testing results - average by year
| Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 0.548 ppb | 5 | 5 | 0.270 ppb - 0.970 ppb |
| 2015 | 0.434 ppb | 7 | 7 | 0.220 ppb - 0.720 ppb |
| 2016 | 0.636 ppb | 5 | 5 | 0.270 ppb - 0.960 ppb |
| 2017 | 0.487 ppb | 3 | 3 | 0.320 ppb - 0.780 ppb |
| 2018 | 0.833 ppb | 4 | 4 | 0.440 ppb - 1.40 ppb |
| 2019 | 0.693 ppb | 3 | 3 | 0.500 ppb - 0.860 ppb |
ppb = parts per billion
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 0.4 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 0.4 ppb for chloroform was proposed in 2018 by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a one-in-a-million lifetime risk of cancer. Values greater than one-in-a-million cancer risk level can result in increased cancer cases above one in a million people.
ppb = parts per billion
All test results
| Date | Lab ID | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 2014-02-10 | 769666 | 0.340 ppb |
| 2014-02-10 | 769670 | 0.270 ppb |
| 2014-04-24 | 782514 | 0.380 ppb |
| 2014-08-13 | 810510 | 0.780 ppb |
| 2014-08-13 | 810509 | 0.970 ppb |
| 2015-03-03 | 846156 | 0.400 ppb |
| 2015-03-03 | 846154 | 0.490 ppb |
| 2015-04-20 | 855168 | 0.480 ppb |
| 2015-07-07 | 869336 | 0.220 ppb |
| 2015-08-10 | 875980 | 0.390 ppb |
| 2015-08-10 | 875981 | 0.720 ppb |
| 2015-12-07 | 897130 | 0.340 ppb |
| 2016-02-09 | 904667 | 0.760 ppb |
| 2016-02-09 | 904669 | 0.710 ppb |
| 2016-08-10 | 938488 | 0.480 ppb |
| 2016-08-10 | 938489 | 0.960 ppb |
| 2016-10-12 | 953076 | 0.270 ppb |
| 2017-08-16 | 1011903 | 0.320 ppb |
| 2017-09-06 | 1016215 | 0.360 ppb |
| 2017-09-06 | 1016214 | 0.780 ppb |
| 2018-08-15 | 1074212 | 0.510 ppb |
| 2018-08-20 | 1074897 | 0.980 ppb |
| 2018-08-28 | 1076574 | 0.440 ppb |
| 2018-08-28 | 1076576 | 1.40 ppb |
| 2019-08-19 | 1141985 | 0.500 ppb |
| 2019-08-22 | 1143043 | 0.860 ppb |
| 2019-09-16 | 1148086 | 0.720 ppb |