Fluoride
Hicksville WD
Fluoride occurs naturally in surface and groundwater and is also added to drinking water by many water systems. Read More.
Fluoride has been promoted as a chemical that reduces dental cavities. Yet it is now well-established that fluoride primarily exerts its protective effects through topical mechanisms, such as sodium fluoride in toothpaste and mouthwash. In contrast, long-term ingestion of fluoride in water increases dental fluorosis, which includes mottling, pitting and weakening of the teeth. EPA's maximum legal limit is set at 4 parts per million (ppm) to prevent skeletal fluorosis, a condition where bones become brittle and more susceptible to fractures, although these effects may occur at lower doses.
Even fluoride levels of 0.7 ppm, the amount of fluoride in drinking water recommended by the U.S. Public Health Service, can result in too much fluoride for bottle-fed babies. EWG recommends that caregivers mix baby formula with fluoride-free water. The National Toxicology Program is investigating the potential for low doses of fluoride to alter thyroid function and childhood brain development.
Testing results - average by year
Year | Average result | Samples taken | Detections | Range of results |
---|---|---|---|---|
2013 | N/A | 0 | 0 | N/A |
2014 | 0.0221 ppm | 14 | 2 | ND - 0.160 ppm |
2015 | ND | 4 | 0 | ND |
2016 | ND | 19 | 0 | ND |
2017 | ND | 13 | 0 | ND |
2018 | ND | 15 | 0 | ND |
2019 | ND | 18 | 0 | ND |
ppm = parts per million
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL) 4 ppm
ppm = parts per million
All test results
Date | Lab ID | Result |
---|---|---|
2014-04-24 | 1404I07-001-PRI | 0.160 ppm |
2014-04-24 | 1404I07-003-PRI | ND |
2014-04-24 | 1404I07-002-PRI | 0.150 ppm |
2014-08-13 | 1408899-002-PRI | ND |
2014-08-13 | 1408899-001-PRI | ND |
2014-12-23 | 1412H47-005-PRI | ND |
2014-12-23 | 1412H47-001-PRI | ND |
2014-12-23 | 1412H47-003-PRI | ND |
2014-12-23 | 1412H47-006-PRI | ND |
2014-12-23 | 1412H47-002-PRI | ND |
2014-12-23 | 1412H47-004-PRI | ND |
2014-12-23 | 1412H47-007-PRI | ND |
2014-12-23 | 1412H47-008-PRI | ND |
2014-12-23 | 1412H47-009-PRI | ND |
2015-05-04 | 1505132-001 PRI | ND |
2015-05-11 | 1505731-002 PRI | ND |
2015-05-11 | 1505731-003 PRI | ND |
2015-05-11 | 1505731-001 PRI | ND |
2016-05-17 | 1605F44-011 | ND |
2016-05-17 | 1605F44-001-PRI | ND |
2016-09-12 | 1609794-001-PRI | ND |
2016-09-12 | 1609794-002-PRI | ND |
2016-09-13 | 1600A01-002-PRI | ND |
2016-09-13 | 1609A01-002-PRI | ND |
2016-09-13 | 1609A01-001-PRI | ND |
2016-09-14 | 1609B48-002-PRI | ND |
2016-09-14 | 1609B74-002-PRI | ND |
2016-09-14 | 1609B74-001-PRI | ND |
2016-09-14 | 1609B48-001-PRI | ND |
2016-09-15 | 1609C74-001-PRI | ND |
2016-09-16 | 1509B91-001 | ND |
2016-09-16 | 1509B91-002-PRI | ND |
2016-09-20 | 1609G74-003 | ND |
2016-09-20 | 1609G74-002-PRI | ND |
2016-09-21 | 1609H81-002-PRI | ND |
2016-09-21 | 1609H81-001-PRI | ND |
2016-09-21 | 1609H81-003-PRI | ND |
2017-09-06 | 7028975002-PRI | ND |
2017-09-06 | 7028975003 | ND |
2017-09-12 | 7029543001-PRI | ND |
2017-09-12 | 7029543002-PRI | ND |
2017-09-15 | 7030102002-PRI | ND |
2017-09-15 | 7030102001-PRI | ND |
2017-09-19 | 7030413001-PRI | ND |
2017-09-21 | 7030724001-PRI | ND |
2017-09-21 | 7030724002-PRI | ND |
2017-09-26 | 7031075002-PRI | ND |
2017-09-26 | 7031075003-PRI | ND |
2017-09-26 | 7031075001-PRI | ND |
2017-09-27 | 7031145001-PRI | ND |
2018-04-05 | 7047356002-PRI | ND |
2018-04-05 | 7047356001-PR | ND |
2018-09-06 | 7063904002-PRI | ND |
2018-09-06 | 7063917002-PRI | ND |
2018-09-06 | 7063904004-PRI | ND |
2018-09-06 | 7063904008-PRI | ND |
2018-09-06 | 7063917001-PRI | ND |
2018-09-06 | 7063917003-PRI | ND |
2018-09-10 | 7064147004-PRI | ND |
2018-09-10 | 7064147002-PRI | ND |
2018-09-10 | 7064183002-PRI | ND |
2018-09-10 | 7064183001-PRI | ND |
2018-09-12 | 7064540002-PRI | ND |
2018-09-12 | 7064540001 | ND |
2018-09-12 | 7064540005-PRI | ND |
2019-09-10 | 70104328003 PRI | ND |
2019-09-10 | 70104368001 PRI | ND |
2019-09-10 | 70104368003 PRI | ND |
2019-09-10 | 70104328001 PRI | ND |
2019-09-10 | 70104328002 PRI | ND |
2019-09-10 | 70104368002 PRI | ND |
2019-09-16 | 70105031001 PRI | ND |
2019-09-16 | 70105031003 PRI | ND |
2019-09-16 | 70105031002 PRI | ND |
2019-09-18 | 70105415002 PRI | ND |
2019-09-18 | 70105415001 PRI | ND |
2019-09-19 | 70105638001 PRI | ND |
2019-09-19 | 70105641002 PRI | ND |
2019-09-19 | 70105603002 PRI | ND |
2019-09-19 | 70105641001 PRI | ND |
2019-09-19 | 70105638002 PRI | ND |
2019-09-19 | 70105603001 PRI | ND |
2019-09-24 | 70106094001 PRI | ND |