Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
Status: National drinking water standard exists
Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate is used in PVC plastic, plastic wrap and other consumer products. It is released as a pollutant from industrial sources and sewage treatment plants. In studies of laboratory animals, di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate can harm fetal development.
2017-2019:
24
states detected
158
utilities detected
869,000
people served
0
states over health guideline
0
utilities over health guideline
0
people served over health guideline
0
states over legal limit
0
utilities over legal limit
0
people served over legal limit
Health concerns for di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
Change to fetal growth and development
Harm to the liver
State and national drinking water standards and health guidelines
EWG Health Guideline 200 ppb
The EWG Health Guideline of 200 ppb for di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate was defined by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a public health goal, the level of a drinking water contaminant that does not pose a significant health risk. This health guideline protects against harm to internal organs.
EPA Maximum Contaminant
Level (MCL) 400 ppb
The legal limit for di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, established in 1992, was based on a toxicity study in laboratory animals conducted in the 1980s.
ppb = parts per billion
States reporting di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate in drinking water
| UTILITIES WITH CONTAMINATION | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| State | Utilities | People Served | |
| Idaho | 5 | 230,212 | |
| Delaware | 18 | 208,101 | |
| Iowa | 77 | 178,635 | |
| Colorado | 4 | 59,795 | |
| Texas | 6 | 42,283 | |
| New Mexico | 4 | 26,650 | |
| West Virginia | 5 | 26,069 | |
| Florida | 8 | 25,736 | |
| Wisconsin | 3 | 20,308 | |
| Pennsylvania | 4 | 18,018 | |
| Nebraska | 5 | 11,431 | |
| Kentucky | 1 | 8,438 | |
| Connecticut | 2 | 7,340 | |
| Maryland | 1 | 3,500 | |
| New Jersey | 1 | 594 | |
| California | 1 | 420 | |
| North Carolina | 3 | 361 | |
| New York | 4 | 289 | |
| Washington | 1 | 250 | |
| Minnesota | 1 | 235 | |
| Arizona | 1 | 234 | |
| Nevada | 1 | 200 | |
| Virginia | 1 | 95 | |
| Georgia | 1 | 78 | |
Filtering technologies that reduce di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate
Activated Carbon
Reverse Osmosis
Utilities with the highest amounts of di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, 2017-2019
| Utility | Location | Tests | Average level | People served |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Petross | Vidalia, GA | 1 of 1 | 4.07 ppb | 78 |
| Halcyon Acres Water Users Association 1 | Tucson, AZ | 2 of 13 | 2.08 ppb | 234 |
| Windstar Park Inc. | Claypool, IN | 1 of 5 | 0.980 ppb | 70 |
| Monona Waterworks | Monona, WI | 1 of 1 | 0.750 ppb | 7,533 |
| Seagers Mobile Home Park | Coopers Plains, NY | 1 of 2 | 0.725 ppb | 42 |
| Kissimmee Rv Park | Kissimmee, FL | 1 of 11 | 0.706 ppb | 43 |
| Asheboro Country Club Estates | Raleigh, NC | 3 of 7 | 0.704 ppb | 26 |
| Bloomer Waterworks | Bloomer, WI | 1 of 1 | 0.700 ppb | 3,563 |
| Inchelium Water District | Inchelium, WA | 1 of 3 | 0.700 ppb | 540 |
| City of Rayne Water System | Rayne, LA | 2 of 12 | 0.678 ppb | 7,953 |
| Rapid Creek Ridge | Iowa City, IA | 1 of 6 | 0.633 ppb | 70 |
| Trout Valley Homes Association 1 | Davenport, IA | 1 of 7 | 0.586 ppb | 72 |
| Escapee Co-op of Nevada | Pahrump, NV | 1 of 1 | 0.562 ppb | 200 |
| Beaverville | Beaverville, IL | 1 of 11 | 0.518 ppb | 450 |
| Forest Manor Subdivision | Blue Grass, IA | 1 of 2 | 0.500 ppb | 209 |
| Poynette Mobile Estates | Poynette, WI | 1 of 2 | 0.500 ppb | 150 |
| Hoey-de Graw Waterworks Inc. | Merrick, NY | 1 of 5 | 0.476 ppb | 50 |
| Busti Mobile Home Park | Youngsville, NY | 1 of 2 | 0.475 ppb | 97 |
| Sunland Estates Homeowners Association | Moses Lake, WA | 1 of 3 | 0.430 ppb | 250 |
| Manalapan Water Treatment Plant (leroy C.paslay) | Manalapan, FL | 1 of 6 | 0.382 ppb | 2,421 |
| Sherwood Mobile Home Park | Whittier, TX | 1 of 2 | 0.350 ppb | 350 |
| Hartland Waterworks | Hartland, WI | 1 of 3 | 0.333 ppb | 9,212 |
| Schofield Waterworks | Schofield, WI | 1 of 2 | 0.315 ppb | 2,117 |
| Green Harbour Development | Lake George, NY | 1 of 7 | 0.314 ppb | 100 |
| Fox Laurel Mobile Home Park LLC | Oakdale, CT | 4 of 14 | 0.304 ppb | 40 |
| St. Lucie Mobile Village | Indiantown, FL | 1 of 2 | 0.300 ppb | 750 |
| Canyon Regional Water Authority Wells Ranch* | New Braunfels, TX | 1 of 2 | 0.300 ppb | 0 |
| Wrights Mobile Home Park | Whitewater, WI | 1 of 3 | 0.283 ppb | 230 |
| Tri County Joint Municipal Authority* | Fredericktown, PA | 1 of 10 | 0.278 ppb | 10,100 |
| Carolantic Park | Wilmington, NC | 1 of 16 | 0.256 ppb | 46 |
| Medford Waterworks | Medford, WI | 1 of 3 | 0.240 ppb | 4,318 |
| Beverly Town Of | Beverly, WV | 1 of 3 | 0.236 ppb | 2,555 |
| San Jacinto Special Utility District | Coldspring, TX | 1 of 10 | 0.230 ppb | 4,008 |
| Countryside Estates Mobile Home Park | Edinburg, PA | 2 of 7 | 0.229 ppb | 39 |
| South Shores | Dover, DE | 1 of 1 | 0.220 ppb | 540 |
| Parker WSD* | Parker, CO | 4 of 69 | 0.219 ppb | 52,175 |
| Town of Ridgecrest Water Supply | Ridgecrest, LA | 2 of 8 | 0.213 ppb | 855 |
| Madison, City of | Madison, NE | 1 of 19 | 0.211 ppb | 2,135 |
| Teal Point | Dover, DE | 1 of 1 | 0.210 ppb | 96 |
| Middle Fork Water System | Lisbon, LA | 2 of 8 | 0.205 ppb | 441 |
| The Mountain Water System | Kearneysville, WV | 1 of 4 | 0.205 ppb | 1,021 |
| Aqua NJ - Spartan Village | Wrightstown, NJ | 1 of 1 | 0.200 ppb | 594 |
| Florida Pines Mobile Home Park | Venice, FL | 1 of 2 | 0.180 ppb | 280 |
| Forest Glen Master | Cary, NC | 1 of 8 | 0.175 ppb | 274 |
| City of Center* | Center, TX | 1 of 12 | 0.175 ppb | 5,429 |
| Casas Adobes Mdwca | Mimbres, NM | 1 of 3 | 0.171 ppb | 368 |
| City of Blue Ridge | Blue Ridge, TX | 1 of 12 | 0.167 ppb | 1,329 |
| Village At East Fork | Leadville, CO | 1 of 6 | 0.167 ppb | 200 |
| Carbondale, Town of* | Carbondale, CO | 2 of 12 | 0.166 ppb | 6,700 |
| Satank Wa | Fort Collins, CO | 2 of 12 | 0.166 ppb | 80 |
* This water utility supplies finished drinking water to at least one other water utility. The purchasing utility is not required to test for or report Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, but it likely has the contaminant in its water supply.
| Utility | Location | Tests | Average level | People served |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tri County Joint Municipal Authority* | Fredericktown, PA | 1 of 10 | 0.278 ppb | 10,100 |
| Parker WSD* | Parker, CO | 4 of 69 | 0.219 ppb | 52,175 |
| Brookfield Water Utility | Brookfield, WI | 1 of 5 | 0.136 ppb | 29,070 |
| City of St. Cloud* | St Cloud, FL | 1 of 22 | 0.119 ppb | 64,668 |
| City of Martinsburg* | Martinsburg, WV | 1 of 8 | 0.116 ppb | 15,652 |
| Las Cruces Municipal Water System | Las Cruces, NM | 1 of 81 | 0.112 ppb | 102,308 |
| Geneseo Village* | Geneseo, NY | 1 of 6 | 0.112 ppb | 13,350 |
| City of Hewitt | Hewitt, TX | 2 of 22 | 0.100 ppb | 16,417 |
| Oskaloosa Municipal Water Department | Oskaloosa, IA | 1 of 2 | 0.0800 ppb | 12,173 |
| Lubbock Public Water System* | Lubbock, TX | 1 of 14 | 0.0643 ppb | 266,263 |
| Storm Lake Water Treatment Plant* | Storm Lake, IA | 1 of 1 | 0.0600 ppb | 10,892 |
| Dewey Beach Water Department | Frankford, DE | 1 of 5 | 0.0540 ppb | 22,400 |
| Rehoboth Beach Water Department* | Rehoboth Beach, DE | 1 of 5 | 0.0540 ppb | 30,000 |
| Burlington Municipal Waterworks* | Burlington, IA | 1 of 2 | 0.0350 ppb | 25,619 |
| Kingston Water Department | Kingston, MA | 1 of 26 | 0.0331 ppb | 13,720 |
| Ottumwa Water Works* | Ottumwa, IA | 1 of 2 | 0.0300 ppb | 25,023 |
| Atlantic City Municipal Utilities Authority | Atlantic City, NJ | 3 of 7 | 0.0243 ppb | 152,415 |
| Miramar (East & West) Plants | Miramar, FL | 1 of 16 | 0.0231 ppb | 127,700 |
| Dona Ana MDWCA | Dona Ana, NM | 1 of 17 | 0.0175 ppb | 16,217 |
| City of Sherman* | Sherman, TX | 1 of 44 | 0.0159 ppb | 42,462 |
| Craven County Water System* | New Bern, NC | 1 of 34 | 0.0129 ppb | 32,500 |
| Suez Water Delaware* | Wilmington, DE | 1 of 13 | 0.00677 ppb | 100,495 |
| Ozark Utilities Board | Ozark, AL | 4 of 36 | 0.00528 ppb | 14,907 |
| Boulder City* | Boulder City, NV | 1 of 39 | 0.00385 ppb | 15,000 |
| Rehoboth District | Dover, DE | 1 of 29 | 0.00379 ppb | 32,700 |
| Meadow District* | Dover, DE | 1 of 29 | 0.00324 ppb | 10,500 |
| Suez* | Boise, ID | 1 of 148 | 0.00288 ppb | 228,790 |
* This water utility supplies finished drinking water to at least one other water utility. The purchasing utility is not required to test for or report Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, but it likely has the contaminant in its water supply.