National Drinking Water Database
National Drinking Water Database - Chemical Contaminants
Xylenes (total)
Status: Regulated - EPA has established a maximum legal limit in tapwater for this contaminant.
Xylenes are a group of chemicals produced from petroleum and released as pollutants from chemical, plastics and synthetic fiber industries as well as printing, painting, and laboratory uses. [read more]
Detected |
Found above health guidelines |
Found above legal limit |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| States | 37 |
- |
- |
| Water utilities | 1,913 |
- |
- |
| People Served | 16,016,084 |
- |
- |
Health Concerns for Xylenes (total):
- Neurotoxicity
- Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
- Allergies/immunotoxicity
- Developmental/reproductive toxicity
- Occupational hazards
- Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
- Endocrine disruption
- Ecotoxicology
- Persistence and bioaccumulation
- Cancer
- Miscellaneous
Xylenes (total) Exposure by State
Water utilities in 37 states have reported detecting Xylenes (total) in treated tap water since 2004, according to EWG's analysis of water quality data supplied by state water agencies.
| State | Water Suppliers with Xylenes (total) contamination | |
|---|---|---|
| Systems | Population | |
| Maryland | 24 | 1,823,537 |
| Minnesota | 199 | 1,446,872 |
| North Carolina | 278 | 1,380,402 |
| California | 48 | 1,225,690 |
| Florida | 90 | 1,225,269 |
| Arizona | 43 | 1,202,236 |
| Pennsylvania | 96 | 1,188,712 |
| New Jersey | 28 | 949,503 |
| Illinois | 156 | 874,706 |
| Washington | 21 | 696,983 |
| Iowa | 239 | 603,550 |
| Missouri | 96 | 408,480 |
| Delaware | 28 | 404,340 |
| Rhode Island | 9 | 356,719 |
| Alabama | 21 | 303,620 |
| Massachusetts | 19 | 302,469 |
| Wisconsin | 86 | 228,525 |
| Indiana | 17 | 224,346 |
| Arkansas | 76 | 219,664 |
| Texas | 56 | 219,356 |
| Ohio | 31 | 146,283 |
| New Mexico | 22 | 110,548 |
| Oregon | 18 | 97,221 |
| Virginia | 63 | 93,311 |
| Oklahoma | 56 | 84,070 |
| Michigan | 16 | 56,410 |
| Alaska | 26 | 39,467 |
| New Hampshire | 15 | 36,273 |
| Hawaii | 1 | 27,642 |
| New York | 7 | 15,424 |
| Montana | 11 | 8,180 |
| Kentucky | 4 | 6,466 |
| Vermont | 3 | 4,604 |
| Idaho | 4 | 3,753 |
| Maine | 2 | 770 |
| Utah | 3 | 545 |
| Nevada | 1 | 138 |
| Total | 1,913 | 16,016,084 |
The Most Polluted Communities
1,913 water utilities reported detecting Xylenes (total) in tap water since 2004, according to EWG's analysis of water quality data supplied by state water agencies
Ranked by highest average Xylenes (total) level
| Rank | System | Population Served | Positive test results of total reported tests | Average Level (Range) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Deer Creek Estates Landrum, VA | 187 | 1 of 2 | 50 ppb (0 to 100 ppb) |
| 2 | Nsbu - Nuiqsut Barrow, AK | 433 | 7 of 7 | 46.02 ppb (31.6 to 55.72 ppb) |
| 3 | Green Pines S/D Knightdale, NC | 162 | 2 of 3 | 41 ppb (0 to 84 ppb) |
| 4 | Joice Water Supply Lake Mills, IA | 231 | 2 of 3 | 37.33 ppb (0 to 100 ppb) |
| 5 | Glen Canyon Halls Crossin Page, UT | 120 | 1 of 2 | 34.75 ppb (0 to 69.5 ppb) |
| 6 | Country Meadows Glen Rose, TX | 120 | 1 of 1 | 34.62 ppb (34.62 ppb) |
| 7 | Aqua PA East Pointe PA | 29 | 8 of 8 | 29.69 ppb (3.4 to 63.5 ppb) |
| 8 | Nsbu - Kaktovik (Barter Is) Barrow, AK | 303 | 6 of 6 | 28.75 ppb (1.7 to 57 ppb) |
| 9 | Glen Canyon Bullfrog Page, UT | 350 | 3 of 4 | 28.68 ppb (0 to 67.1 ppb) |
| 10 | Tavernier Subdivision Raleigh, NC | 137 | 1 of 3 | 27.33 ppb (0 to 82 ppb) |
Health Based Limits for Xylenes (total)
| Standard | Description | Level |
|---|---|---|
| California Public Health Goals | Defined by the State of California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) as the level of contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. For acutely toxic substances, levels are set at which scientific evidence indicates that no known or anticipated adverse effects on health will occur, plus an adequate margin-of safety. PHGs for carcinogens or other substances which can cause chronic disease shall be based solely on health effects without regard to cost impacts and shall be set at levels which OEHHA has determined do not pose any significant risk to health. | 1800 ppb |
| Drinking Water Equivalent Level | A lifetime exposure concentration protective of adverse, noncarcinogenic health effects, that assumes all of the exposure to a contaminant is from drinking water. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. | 7000 ppb |
| Maximum Contaminant Limit (MCL) | The enforceable standard which defines the highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to health-based limits (Maximum Contaminant Level Goals, or MCLGs) as feasible using the best available analytical and treatment technologies and taking cost into consideration. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. | 10000 ppb |
| Maximum Contaminant Limit Goal (MCLG) | A non-enforceable health goal that is set at a level at which no known or anticipated adverse effect on the health of persons occurs and which allows an adequate margin of safety. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. | 10000 ppb |
| Children's health-based limit for 1-day exposure | Concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to cause any adverse, noncarcinogenic health effects for up to one day of exposure. The One-Day health-based limit (or Health Advisory, HA) is typically set to protect a 10-kg child consuming 1 liter of water per day. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. | 40000 ppb |
| Children's health-based limit for 10-day exposure | Concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to cause any adverse, noncarcinogenic effects for up to ten days of exposure. The Ten-Day health-based limit (or Health Advisory, HA) is typically set to protect a 10-kg child consuming 1 liter of water per day. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. | 40000 ppb |
Testing Summary for Xylenes (total)
| Are tests routinely required for Xylenes (total) by federal law? | Yes |
| Water suppliers reporting tests for Xylenes (total) (2004-2009): | 30,322 of 47,576 |
| Average testing rate for water supplier reporting tests (2004-2009): | 0.6 per year |
Violation Summary for Xylenes (total)
Data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency includes the following violations of federal standards for Xylenes (total) since 2004
| Maximum Contaminant Level Exceedance Violations | 7 |
| Monitoring Violations | 3,137 |
| Reporting Violations | 0 |
Neurotoxicity
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Known human nervous system toxicant | ATSDR, 2007 |
| nervous system - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed/unreview: published lit review or major tox study | National Library of Medicine HazMap |
Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Known human respiratory toxicant | EPA Hazardous Air Pollutants |
| One or more animal studies show sense organ effects at very low doses | RTECS®- "Sbornik Vysledku Toxixologickeho Vysetreni Latek A Pripravku," Marhold, J 1972 |
| One or more animal studies show broad systemic effects at low doses | RTECS®- Gekkan Yakuji 1980 |
| Classified as toxic or harmful | European Union - Classification & Labelling |
| Limited evidence of gastrointestinal or liver toxicity | National Library of Medicine HazMap |
| Limited evidence of kidney toxicity | Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2004 |
| Limited evidence of respiratory toxicity | US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center, 1991 |
| Limited evidence of sense organ toxicity | US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center, 2000 |
| Limited evidence of cardiovascular or blood toxicity | US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center |
| Limited evidence of gastrointestinal or liver toxicity | US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center |
| One or more animal studies show effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | EPA Categorized List of Inert Pesticide Ingredients |
| One or more animal studies show classified as toxic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs |
| One or more animal studies show sense organ effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | RTECS®- AMA Archives of Industrial Health 1956 |
| One or more animal studies show liver effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | RTECS®- Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna 1988 |
| One or more animal studies show metabolic effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | RTECS®- Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna 1988 |
| One or more animal studies show sense organ effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | RTECS®- Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 1943 |
| reproductive - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed/unreview: published lit review or major tox study | National Library of Medicine HazMap |
| Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmful | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
| Classified as a low human health priority | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Allergies/immunotoxicity
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Limited evidence of immune system toxicity or allergies | nternational Programme of Chemical Safety Environmental Health Criteria 180, 1996 |
Developmental/reproductive toxicity
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Limited evidence of reproductive toxicity | National Library of Medicine HazMap |
| Limited evidence of developmental toxicity | Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2004 |
| Limited evidence of reproductive toxicity | US EPA, 9204 |
Occupational hazards
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses | European Union - Classification & Labelling |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to high doses | RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2006 |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to high doses | RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Gen Indu): 29,1910 1994 |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to high doses | RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Construc): 29,1926 1994 |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to high doses | RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Shipyard): 29,1915 1993 |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to high doses | RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Fed Cont): 41,50-204 1994 |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to high doses | RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2007 |
Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Classified as irritant | European Union - Classification & Labelling |
| One or more animal studies show skin irritation at low doses | RTECS®- AMA Archives of Industrial Health 1956 |
| One or more animal studies show skin irritation at low doses | RTECS®- "Sbornik Vysledku Toxixologickeho Vysetreni Latek A Pripravku," Marhold, J 1972 |
| One or more animal studies show skin irritation at moderate doses | RTECS®- Toxicology Letters 2005 |
Endocrine disruption
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| One or more animal studies show endocrine system disruption at high doses | RTECS®- Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna 1988 |
Ecotoxicology
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Not suspected to be an environmental toxin | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Persistence and bioaccumulation
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Not suspected to be persistent | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
| Not suspected to be bioaccumulative | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Cancer
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Cancer - not classifiable/not likely to be human carcinogen | Int'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Carcinogens |
Miscellaneous
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Occupational hazards related to handling | European Union - Classification & Labelling |
Government, industry, academic studies and classifications
| government/industry list/academic study | appears on list as | classification(s) |
| European Union - Classification & Labelling | O-XYLENE; [1] ; P-XYLENE; [2] ; M-XYLENE; [3] ; XYLENE [4] | •Flammable •Harmful •Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin •Irritant (eyes, skin, or lungs) •Irritating to skin |
| Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics | XYLENE | • S |
| Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics | XYLENE | • S |
| Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics | XYLENE | • S |
| Environment Canada Domestic Substance List | BENZENE, DIMETHYL- | •This chemical was NOT flagged by CEPA for further attention. The chemical was flagged for as a low human health priority. |
| EPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) | XYLENES | Data are inadequate for an assessment of human carcinogenic potential |
| IFRA Fragrance Ingredient List | XYLENE (MIXED) | •The chemical has been reported as used in fragrance compounds by IFRA affiliated member companies in 2008. |
| EPA Hazardous Air Pollutants | XYLENES (ISOMERS AND MIXTURE) | •Hazardous air pollutant under Clean Air Act |
| National Library of Medicine HazMap | XYLENE ISOMERS | •Reproductive Toxin - A chemical that is toxic to the reproductive system, including defects in the progeny and injury to male and female reproductive function: Yes; •Hepatotoxin: Hepatotoxin, Secondary; •Neurotoxin: CNS Solvent Syndrome; •PEL (OSHA) - Permissible exposure limit (OSHA): 100 ppm; •STEL (ACGIH) - Short-term exposure limits (ACGIH): 150 ppm; •RD50 - Concentration producing a 50% decrease in respiratory rate in experimental animals following a 10-minute exposure: 1467 ppm; •LC50 - Lethal concentration in 50% of animals tested: 16000 ppm; •TLV (ACGIH) - Threshold limit value (ACGIH): 100 ppm; •BEI - Biological Exposure Indices (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygiene, ACGIH): Methylhippuric acids in urine = 1.5 g/g creatinine; end of shift;; •Flammability (NFPA) - NFPA flammability code: 0 = will not burn; 1 = must be preheated; 2 = high ambient temp required; 3 = may ignite at ambient temp; 4 = burn readily: 3: may ignite at ambient temperature; •IDLH (NIOSH) - Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health: 900 ppm;O |
| Int'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Carcinogens | XYLENES | •IARC Group 3 (no cancer link) |
| EPA Categorized List of Inert Pesticide Ingredients | XYLENE | •Pesticide inerts: potentially toxic, testing priority, according to EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) |
| EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs | DIMETHYLBENZENE | •Toxic, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Toxics Release Inventory programs |
| ATSDR, 2007 | XYLENE | ATSDR states xylene is a neurotoxin |
| Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2004 | XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS) | •Kidney toxicity hazards: suspected |
| Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2004 | XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS) | •Developmental toxicity hazards: suspected |
| US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center, 1991 | XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS) | •Respiratory toxicity hazards: suspected |
| US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center, 2000 | XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS) | •Skin or sense organ toxicity hazards: suspected |
| US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center | XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS) | •Cardiovascular or blood toxicity hazards: suspected |
| US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center | XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS) | •Gastrointestinal or liver toxicity hazards: suspected |
| US EPA, 9204 | XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS) | •Reproductive toxicity hazards: suspected |
| nternational Programme of Chemical Safety Environmental Health Criteria 180, 1996 | XYLENE (MIXED ISOMERS) | •Immunotoxicity hazards: suspected |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2006 | XYLENE | • occupationally related - ACGIH TLV (human TWA) |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2007 | XYLENE | • occupationally related - ACGIH TLV (human TWA) |
| RTECS®- "Sbornik Vysledku Toxixologickeho Vysetreni Latek A Pripravku," Marhold, J 1972 | XYLENE | • sense organ - Primary eye irritant (rabbit ) • skin - Primary skin irritant (rabbit ) |
| RTECS®- AMA Archives of Industrial Health 1956 | XYLENE | • sense organ - Primary eye irritant (rabbit ) • skin - Primary skin irritant (rabbit ) |
| RTECS®- Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna 1988 | XYLENE | • metabolic - Weight loss or decreased weight gain (rat TDLo) • endocrine system - Changes in adrenal weight (rat TDLo) • liver - Changes in liver weight (rat TDLo) |
| RTECS®- Gekkan Yakuji 1980 | XYLENE | • broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity ( human LDLo) |
| RTECS®- Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 1943 | XYLENE | • sense organ - Primary eye irritant ( human ) |
| RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Construc): 29,1926 1994 | XYLENE | • occupationally related - OSHA PEL (Construc) (human TWA) |
| RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Fed Cont): 41,50-204 1994 | XYLENE | • occupationally related - OSHA PEL (Fed Cont) (human TWA) |
| RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Gen Indu): 29,1910 1994 | XYLENE | • occupationally related - OSHA PEL (Gen Indu) (human TWA) |
| RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Shipyard): 29,1915 1993 | XYLENE | • occupationally related - OSHA PEL (Shipyard) (human TWA) |
| RTECS®- Toxicology Letters 2005 | XYLENE | • skin - Primary skin irritant (rat ) |
| RTECS®- Toxicology Letters 2005 | XYLENE | • skin - Primary skin irritant (rat ) |
references
| government/industry list/academic study | reference |
| European Union - Classification & Labelling | CPS&Q (Consumer Products Safety & Quality) formely known as ECB (European Chemicals Bureau). 2008. Classification and Labelling: Chemicals: Annex VI of Directive 67/548/EEC through the 31st ATP. |
| Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics | AOEC (Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics). 2009. AEOC exposures codes and asthmagen designation. |
| Environment Canada Domestic Substance List | EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry. |
| EPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) | EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2008. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). Evidence for human carcinogenicity based on 1986-2005 guidelines. |
| IFRA Fragrance Ingredient List | IFRA (International Fragrance Assocication). 2010. IFRA Fragrance Ingredient List based on 2008 Use Survey. Accessed online 01/04/2010: http://www.ifraorg.org/Home/News/Latest-News/page.aspx/66?xf_itemId=43&xf_selectionDatapartId=25 |
| EPA Hazardous Air Pollutants | EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2005. Office of Air. The 112(b)1 Hazardous Air Pollutants List (as modified). Last modified: 12 Dec 2005. |
| National Library of Medicine HazMap | NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2006. HazMap — Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Agents. |
| Int'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Carcinogens | IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). 2008. Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity to Humans, as evaluated in IARC Monographs Volumes 1-99 (a total of 935 agents, mixtures and exposures). |
| EPA Categorized List of Inert Pesticide Ingredients | EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1987 & 2005. Office of Pesticide Programs. Inert (other) Pesticide Ingredients in Pesticide Products - Categorized List of Inert (other) Pesticide Ingredients. |
| EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs | EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1999. Toxics Release Inventory Program. PBT Chemical Rule. |
| Open scientific literature | ATSDR. Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine. Public Health Statement on Xylene. August 2007. |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Minimal risk Levels for Hazardous Substances. January 2004. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/mrls.html, US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center. Health Effects Notebook for Hazardous Air Pollutants. http://www.epa.gov/ttnatw01/hlthef/hapindex.html |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Minimal risk Levels for Hazardous Substances. January 2004. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/mrls.html, US EPA. Roadmaps to Sources of Information on Chemicals Listed in the Emergency Planning Community and Community Right-to-Know Act (Also Known as SARA Title 3), Section 313 Toxic Release Inventory (for Microcomputers). (Report Number EPADFDK92040). 1991. Data file distributed in 2 diskettes by Office of Pollution, Prevention, and Toxics, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. NOTE: Datasource no longer being maintained by EPA; not currently available online., Jankovic, J. A Screening Method for Occupational Reproductive Health Risk. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. 57: 641-649. 1996. |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center. Health Effects Notebook for Hazardous Air Pollutants. http://www.epa.gov/ttnatw01/hlthef/hapindex.html, Lu, F.C. Basic Toxicology. 2nd Edition. 1991., California EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Acute Reference Exposure Levels (RELs), Averaging Times, and Toxicologic Endpoints. Includes all Acute Reference Exposure Levels (ARELs) developed by OEHHA through May 2000http://www.oehha.org/air/acute_rels/allAcRELs.html, California EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines, Part III: Technical Support Document 'Determination of Noncancer Chronic Reference Exposure Levels'. Includes all Chronic Reference Exposure Levels (CRELs) adopted by OEHHA as of August 2003 (http://www.oehha.ca.gov/air/chronic_rels/AllChrels.html, plus draft CRELS proposed through March 2004 (http://www.oehha.ca.gov/air/chronic_rels/index.html., National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. See Environmental Defense's Suspect Hazard Identification documentation. |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center. Health Effects Notebook for Hazardous Air Pollutants. http://www.epa.gov/ttnatw01/hlthef/hapindex.html, California EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Acute Reference Exposure Levels (RELs), Averaging Times, and Toxicologic Endpoints. Includes all Acute Reference Exposure Levels (ARELs) developed by OEHHA through May 2000http://www.oehha.org/air/acute_rels/allAcRELs.html, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. See Environmental Defense's Suspect Hazard Identification documentation. |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center. Health Effects Notebook for Hazardous Air Pollutants. http://www.epa.gov/ttnatw01/hlthef/hapindex.html, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. See Environmental Defense's Suspect Hazard Identification documentation. |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center. Health Effects Notebook for Hazardous Air Pollutants. http://www.epa.gov/ttnatw01/hlthef/hapindex.html, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. See Environmental Defense's Suspect Hazard Identification documentation. |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | US EPA. Roadmaps to Sources of Information on Chemicals Listed in the Emergency Planning Community and Community Right-to-Know Act (Also Known as SARA Title 3), Section 313 Toxic Release Inventory (for Microcomputers). (Report Number EPADFDK92040). 1991. Data file distributed in 2 diskettes by Office of Pollution, Prevention, and Toxics, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. NOTE: Datasource no longer being maintained by EPA; not currently available online., Frazier , L. and M. L. Hage (eds.). Reproductive Hazards of the Workplace, Wiley Europe, 1998. Table 10 (Partial List of Reproductive Toxicants) available at http://www.pharmacy.ohio-state.edu/homepage/safety/chemhygiene_table_repro.pdf., A Relational Database of Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases. Browse Haz-Map by Adverse Effects http://hazmap.nlm.nih.gov/hazmapadv.html |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | nternational Programme of Chemical Safety Environmental Health Criteria 180. Principles and Methods for Assessing Direct Immunotoxicity Associated with Exposure to Chemicals. World Health Organization. Geneva, 1996. (Table 1: Examples of compounds that are immunotoxic for humans or rodents). |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2006 | RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2006 |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2007 | RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2007 |
| RTECS®- "Sbornik Vysledku Toxixologickeho Vysetreni Latek A Pripravku," Marhold, J 1972 | RTECS®- "Sbornik Vysledku Toxixologickeho Vysetreni Latek A Pripravku," Marhold, J.V., Institut Pro Vychovu Vedoucicn Pracovniku Chemickeho Prumyclu Praha, Czechoslovakia, 1972 -,24,1972 |
| RTECS®- AMA Archives of Industrial Health 1956 | RTECS®- AMA Archives of Industrial Health. (Chicago, IL) V.11-21, 1955-60. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. 14,387,1956 |
| RTECS®- Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna 1988 | RTECS®- Bromatologia i Chemia Toksykologiczna. (Ars Polona, POB 1001, 00-068 Warsaw 1, Poland) V.4- -1971 21,187,1988 |
| RTECS®- Gekkan Yakuji 1980 | RTECS®- Gekkan Yakuji. Pharmaceuticals Monthly. (Yakugyo Jihosha, Inaoka Bldg., 2-36 Jinbo-cho, Kanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101, Japan) V.1- 1959- 22,883,1980 |
| RTECS®- Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 1943 | RTECS®- Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology. (Cambridge, MA) V.18-31, 1936-49. For publisher information, see AEHLAU. 25,282,1943 |
| RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Construc): 29,1926 1994 | RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Construc): 29,1926.55,1994 |
| RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Fed Cont): 41,50-204 1994 | RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Fed Cont): 41,50-204.50,1994 |
| RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Gen Indu): 29,1910 1994 | RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Gen Indu): 29,1910.1000,1994 |
| RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Shipyard): 29,1915 1993 | RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Shipyard): 29,1915.1000,1993 |
| RTECS®- Toxicology Letters 2005 | RTECS®- Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1977- 159,261,2005 |
| RTECS®- Toxicology Letters 2005 | RTECS®- Toxicology Letters. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 159,261,2005 |
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