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National Drinking Water Database


National Drinking Water Database - Chemical Contaminants

Trichlorofluoromethane


Status: Unregulated - EPA has not established a maximum legal limit in tapwater for this contaminant.

Trichlorofluoromethane (Freon 11) is a refrigerant, solvent, chemical intermediate and halocarbon aerosol that was banned in 2000 under the Montreal Protocol because of its ozone-depleting properties. [read more]

 
Detected
Found above
health guidelines
Found above
legal limit
States
17
-
-
Water utilities
90
-
-
People Served
6,536,724
-
-

Health Concerns for Trichlorofluoromethane:


Trichlorofluoromethane Exposure by State

Water utilities in 17 states have reported detecting Trichlorofluoromethane in treated tap water since 2004, according to EWG's analysis of water quality data supplied by state water agencies.

StateWater Suppliers with Trichlorofluoromethane contamination
SystemsPopulation
California144,337,080
New York16557,363
Washington6321,020
Florida2308,376
Wisconsin5254,151
Nebraska1203,000
Delaware1201,000
New Jersey8195,114
Montana156,335
Massachusetts254,000
Minnesota229,683
Missouri59,620
Alaska186,065
North Carolina63,162
New Hampshire1600
Virginia180
Maine175
Total906,536,724

The Most Polluted Communities

90 water utilities reported detecting Trichlorofluoromethane in tap water since 2004, according to EWG's analysis of water quality data supplied by state water agencies

Ranked by highest average Trichlorofluoromethane level

RankSystem Population Served Positive test results of total reported tests Average Level
(Range)
1Port Protection
Ketchikan, AK		601 of 124.1 ppb
(24.1 ppb)
2Emmonak Water System
Emmonak, AK		8202 of 410.9 ppb
(0 to 23.6 ppb)
3Heatherstone West S/D
Raleigh, NC		2451 of 18.9 ppb
(8.9 ppb)
4Shaktoolik Water System
Shaktoolik, AK		2401 of 16.97 ppb
(6.97 ppb)
5Christopher Sims Rentals
E. Linda, CA		301 of 15.2 ppb
(5.2 ppb)
6South Naknek Water System
South Nakn, AK		661 of 15.11 ppb
(5.11 ppb)
7Ambler Community Water System
Ambler, AK		3801 of 14.81 ppb
(4.81 ppb)
8White Mountain Water System
White Mountain, AK		2031 of 13.7 ppb
(3.7 ppb)
9Menards Distribution Center Office
Eau Claire, WI		2001 of 13.7 ppb
(3.7 ppb)
10Mcgrath Water System
Mcgrath, AK		3471 of 23.25 ppb
(0 to 6.5 ppb)

Health Based Limits for Trichlorofluoromethane

StandardDescriptionLevel
California Public Health GoalsDefined by the State of California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) as the level of contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. For acutely toxic substances, levels are set at which scientific evidence indicates that no known or anticipated adverse effects on health will occur, plus an adequate margin-of safety. PHGs for carcinogens or other substances which can cause chronic disease shall be based solely on health effects without regard to cost impacts and shall be set at levels which OEHHA has determined do not pose any significant risk to health.700 ppb
Lifetime health-based limit, non-cancer riskConcentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to cause any adverse, noncarcinogenic health effects for a lifetime of exposure. The Lifetime health-based limit (or Health Advisory, HA) is based on exposure for a a 70-kg adult consuming 2 liters of water per day. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.2000 ppb
Health-Based Screening LevelA benchmark concentration of contaminants in water that may be of potential concern for human health, if exceeded. For noncarcinogens, the HBSL represents the contaminant concentration in drinking water that is not expected to cause any adverse effects over a lifetime of exposure. For carcinogens, the HBSL range represents the contaminant concentration in drinking water that corresponds to an excess estimated lifetime cancer risk of 1 chance in 1 million to 1 chance in 10 thousand. Source: U.S. Geological Survey.2000 ppb
Children's health-based limit for 1-day exposureConcentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to cause any adverse, noncarcinogenic health effects for up to one day of exposure. The One-Day health-based limit (or Health Advisory, HA) is typically set to protect a 10-kg child consuming 1 liter of water per day. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.7000 ppb
Children's health-based limit for 10-day exposureConcentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to cause any adverse, noncarcinogenic effects for up to ten days of exposure. The Ten-Day health-based limit (or Health Advisory, HA) is typically set to protect a 10-kg child consuming 1 liter of water per day. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.7000 ppb
Drinking Water Equivalent LevelA lifetime exposure concentration protective of adverse, noncarcinogenic health effects, that assumes all of the exposure to a contaminant is from drinking water. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.10000 ppb

Testing Summary for Trichlorofluoromethane

Are tests routinely required for Trichlorofluoromethane by federal law?No
Water suppliers reporting tests for Trichlorofluoromethane (2004-2009):20,904 of 47,576
Average testing rate for water supplier reporting tests (2004-2009):0.6 per year

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)

Type of concern: Reference:
Limited evidence of cardiovascular or blood toxicity Klaassen, C, 1996
One or more animal studies show effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) EPA Categorized List of Inert Pesticide Ingredients
One or more animal studies show classified as toxic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs
Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmful Environment Canada Domestic Substance List
Classified as a low human health priority Environment Canada Domestic Substance List

Occupational hazards

Type of concern: Reference:
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to high doses RTECS®- MSHA STANDARD-air: 3,118,1971
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to high doses RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Gen Indu): 29,1910 1994
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to high doses RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Construc): 29,1926 1994
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to high doses RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Shipyard): 29,1915 1993
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to high doses RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Fed Cont): 41,50-204 1994

Ecotoxicology

Type of concern: Reference:
Not suspected to be an environmental toxin Environment Canada Domestic Substance List

Persistence and bioaccumulation

Type of concern: Reference:
Not suspected to be bioaccumulative Environment Canada Domestic Substance List



Government, industry, academic studies and classifications

government/industry list/academic study appears on list as classification(s)
EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTsTRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE•Toxic, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Toxics Release Inventory programs
EPA Categorized List of Inert Pesticide IngredientsTRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE•Pesticide inerts: potentially toxic, testing priority, according to EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)
Klaassen, C, 1996TRICHLOROFLUOROMETHANE•Cardiovascular or blood toxicity hazards: suspected
Environment Canada Domestic Substance ListMETHANE, TRICHLOROFLUORO-•This chemical was deemed a low human health priority and was NOT flagged by CEPA for further attention. The chemical was flagged for suspected persistence.
RTECS®- MSHA STANDARD-air: 3,118,1971METHANE, TRICHLOROFLUORO-• occupationally related - MSHA STANDARD-air (human TWA)
RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Construc): 29,1926 1994METHANE, TRICHLOROFLUORO-• occupationally related - OSHA PEL (Construc) (human TWA)
RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Fed Cont): 41,50-204 1994METHANE, TRICHLOROFLUORO-• occupationally related - OSHA PEL (Fed Cont) (human TWA)
RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Gen Indu): 29,1910 1994METHANE, TRICHLOROFLUORO-• occupationally related - OSHA PEL (Gen Indu) (human TWA)
RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Shipyard): 29,1915 1993METHANE, TRICHLOROFLUORO-• occupationally related - OSHA PEL (Shipyard) (human TWA)



references

government/industry list/academic study reference
EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTsEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1999. Toxics Release Inventory Program. PBT Chemical Rule.
EPA Categorized List of Inert Pesticide IngredientsEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1987 & 2005. Office of Pesticide Programs. Inert (other) Pesticide Ingredients in Pesticide Products - Categorized List of Inert (other) Pesticide Ingredients.
Scorecard.org Toxicity InformationKlaassen, C., M. Amdur and J. Doull (eds.). Casarett and Doull's Toxicology. The Basic Science of Poisons, 5th Ed. Pergamon Press, NY. 1996.
Environment Canada Domestic Substance ListEC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
RTECS®- MSHA STANDARD-air: 3,118,1971RTECS®- MSHA STANDARD-air: 3,118,1971
RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Construc): 29,1926 1994RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Construc): 29,1926.55,1994
RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Fed Cont): 41,50-204 1994RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Fed Cont): 41,50-204.50,1994
RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Gen Indu): 29,1910 1994RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Gen Indu): 29,1910.1000,1994
RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Shipyard): 29,1915 1993RTECS®- OSHA PEL (Shipyard): 29,1915.1000,1993

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