National Drinking Water Database
National Drinking Water Database - Chemical Contaminants
Diazinon (Spectracide)
Status: Unregulated - EPA has not established a maximum legal limit in tapwater for this contaminant.
Diazinon is an herbicide for various household and agricultural uses.
Detected |
Found above health guidelines |
Found above legal limit |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| States | 1 |
1 |
- |
| Water utilities | 2 |
1 |
- |
| People Served | 104,414 |
1,000 |
- |
Health Concerns for Diazinon (Spectracide):
- Neurotoxicity
- Allergies/immunotoxicity
- Developmental/reproductive toxicity
- Occupational hazards
- Cancer
- Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
- Endocrine disruption
- Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
- Ecotoxicology
- Persistence and bioaccumulation
Diazinon (Spectracide) Exposure by State
Water utilities in 1 states have reported detecting Diazinon (Spectracide) in treated tap water since 2004, according to EWG's analysis of water quality data supplied by state water agencies.
| State | Water Suppliers with Diazinon (Spectracide) contamination | Water suppliers reporting Diazinon (Spectracide) above health-based limits | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systems | Population | Systems | Population | |
| California | 2 | 104,414 | 1 | 1,000 |
| Total | 2 | 104,414 | 1 | 1,000 |
The Most Polluted Communities
2 water utilities reported detecting Diazinon (Spectracide) in tap water since 2004, according to EWG's analysis of water quality data supplied by state water agencies
Ranked by highest average Diazinon (Spectracide) level
| Rank | System | Population Served | Positive test results of total reported tests | Average Level (Range) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fresno Co Waterworks Dist 41 Fresno, CA | 1,000 | 1 of 8 | 21.13 ppb (0 to 169 ppb) |
| 2 | Rancho California Water District Temecula, CA | 103,414 | 1 of 37 | < 0.01 ppb (0 to 0.28 ppb) |
Health Based Limits for Diazinon (Spectracide)
| Standard | Description | Level |
|---|---|---|
| Lifetime health-based limit, non-cancer risk | Concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to cause any adverse, noncarcinogenic health effects for a lifetime of exposure. The Lifetime health-based limit (or Health Advisory, HA) is based on exposure for a a 70-kg adult consuming 2 liters of water per day. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. | 1 ppb |
| Health-Based Screening Level | A benchmark concentration of contaminants in water that may be of potential concern for human health, if exceeded. For noncarcinogens, the HBSL represents the contaminant concentration in drinking water that is not expected to cause any adverse effects over a lifetime of exposure. For carcinogens, the HBSL range represents the contaminant concentration in drinking water that corresponds to an excess estimated lifetime cancer risk of 1 chance in 1 million to 1 chance in 10 thousand. Source: U.S. Geological Survey. | 1 ppb |
| Drinking Water Equivalent Level | A lifetime exposure concentration protective of adverse, noncarcinogenic health effects, that assumes all of the exposure to a contaminant is from drinking water. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. | 7 ppb |
| Children's health-based limit for 1-day exposure | Concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to cause any adverse, noncarcinogenic health effects for up to one day of exposure. The One-Day health-based limit (or Health Advisory, HA) is typically set to protect a 10-kg child consuming 1 liter of water per day. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. | 20 ppb |
| Children's health-based limit for 10-day exposure | Concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to cause any adverse, noncarcinogenic effects for up to ten days of exposure. The Ten-Day health-based limit (or Health Advisory, HA) is typically set to protect a 10-kg child consuming 1 liter of water per day. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. | 20 ppb |
Testing Summary for Diazinon (Spectracide)
| Are tests routinely required for Diazinon (Spectracide) by federal law? | No |
| Water suppliers reporting tests for Diazinon (Spectracide) (2004-2009): | 1,963 of 47,576 |
| Average testing rate for water supplier reporting tests (2004-2009): | 0.4 per year |
Neurotoxicity
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Strong evidence of human neurotoxicity | Chemicals known to be neurotoxic to humans |
| Limited evidence of nervous system toxicity | CHE Toxicant and Disease Database |
Allergies/immunotoxicity
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Human immune and respiratory toxicant or allergen - strong evidence | Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics |
Developmental/reproductive toxicity
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Human reproductive toxicant - moderate evidence | CHE Toxicant and Disease Database |
| Human developmental toxicant - moderate evidence | CHE Toxicant and Disease Database |
| Human nervous system toxicant - moderate evidence | Chemicals known to be neurotoxic to humans |
| Limited evidence of nervous system toxicity | CHE Toxicant and Disease Database |
| Limited evidence of developmental toxicity | US EPA, 1788 |
| Limited evidence of reproductive toxicity | Frazier , L, 1998 |
Occupational hazards
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to very low doses | RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2007 |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses | European Union - Classification & Labelling |
Cancer
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Cancer - limited evidence | CHE Toxicant and Disease Database |
| One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results | RTECS®- Mutation Research 1997 |
| One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results | RTECS®- Bibliotheca Haematologica (Basel) 1971 |
| One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results | RTECS®- Tsitologiya 1976 |
| One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results | RTECS®- JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology 1981 |
| One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results | RTECS®- Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 1988 |
| One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results | RTECS®- Mutation Research 1979 |
| One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results | RTECS®- Mutation Research 2000 |
| One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results | RTECS®- Mutation Research 2005 |
| One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results | RTECS®- Toxicologist 2004 |
| One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation results | RTECS®- Reproductive Toxicology 2006 |
| One or more in vitro tests on microorganisms show positive mutation results | RTECS®- Science of the Total Environment 1988 |
| One or more in vitro tests on microorganisms show positive mutation results | RTECS®- Mutation Research 1983 |
Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Possible human hematologic toxicant | CHE Toxicant and Disease Database |
| One or more animal studies show sense organ effects at very low doses | RTECS®- Ciba-Geigy Toxicology Data/Indexes 1977 |
| Classified as expected to be toxic or harmful | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
| Classified as toxic or harmful | European Union - Classification & Labelling |
| One or more animal studies show classified as toxic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | National Library of Medicine HazMap |
| One or more animal studies show classified as toxic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs |
Endocrine disruption
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Limited evidence of wildlife and the environment disruption | European Commission on Endocrine Disruption |
Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| One or more animal studies show skin irritation at low doses | RTECS®- Ciba-Geigy Toxicology Data/Indexes 1977 |
Ecotoxicology
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Wildlife and environmental toxicity | European Union - Classification & Labelling |
| Suspected to be an environmental toxin and be persistent or bioaccumulative | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
| Suspected to be an environmental toxin | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Persistence and bioaccumulation
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Not suspected to be bioaccumulative | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Government, industry, academic studies and classifications
| government/industry list/academic study | appears on list as | classification(s) |
| European Union - Classification & Labelling | DIAZINON | •Harmful •Harmful if swallowed •Dangerous for the environment •Very toxic to aquatic organisms |
| Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics | DIAZINON | • Asthmagen |
| Environment Canada Domestic Substance List | PHOSPHOROTHIOIC ACID, O,O-DIETHYL O-[6-METHYL-2-(1-METHYLETHYL)-4-PYRIMIDINYL] ESTER | •This chemical was flagged for further attention by CEPA due to suspected aquatic toxicity and persistence. |
| European Commission on Endocrine Disruption | DIAZINON | HH-CAT3;WF-CAT2 |
| National Library of Medicine HazMap | DIAZINON | •Skin Designation (ACGIH) - Danger of cutaneous absorption (ACGIH): Yes; •Restricted - Regulations that have banned or restricted the use of the agent: Use on sod farms and golf courses cancelled by EPA in 1988; [EXTOXNET]; •Other Poison: Organophosphate; •TLV (ACGIH) - Threshold limit value (ACGIH): 0.01 mg/m3, inhalable fraction(vapor and aerosol); •MAK - Maximum Allowable Concentration (Federal Republic of Germany): 0.1 mg/m3, inhalable fraction; |
| EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs | O,ODIETHYL O[6METHYL2(1METHYLETHYL)4PYRIMIDINYL] ESTERPHOSPHOROTHIOIC ACID | •Toxic, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Toxics Release Inventory programs |
| US EPA, 1788 | DIAZINON | •Developmental toxicity hazards: suspected |
| Frazier , L, 1998 | DIAZINON | •Reproductive toxicity hazards: suspected |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2007 | DIAZINON | • occupationally related - ACGIH TLV (human TWA) |
| RTECS®- Bibliotheca Haematologica (Basel) 1971 | DIAZINON | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: other mutation test systems ( human lym) |
| RTECS®- Ciba-Geigy Toxicology Data/Indexes 1977 | DIAZINON | • sense organ - Primary eye irritant (rabbit ) • skin - Primary skin irritant (rabbit ) |
| RTECS®- Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 1988 | DIAZINON | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Mutation in Mammalian Somatic Cells (mouse lym) |
| RTECS®- JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology 1981 | DIAZINON | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Morphological Transform (rat emb) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1983 | DIAZINON | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Sister Chromatid Exchange (other fish mul) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1997 | DIAZINON | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Micronucleus test ( human lym) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 2000 | DIAZINON | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Sister Chromatid Exchange (rat lym) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 2005 | DIAZINON | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Micronucleus test (hamster ovr) |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1979 | DIAZINON | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis (hamster lng) |
| RTECS®- Reproductive Toxicology 2006 | DIAZINON | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: sperm ( human spr) |
| RTECS®- Science of the Total Environment 1988 | DIAZINON | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: DNA Inhibition (other fish mul) • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: other mutation test systems (other fish mul) |
| RTECS®- Toxicologist 2004 | DIAZINON | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: DNA Damage (mouse ipr) |
| RTECS®- Tsitologiya 1976 | DIAZINON | • mutagenic - Positive mutation assay: Cytogenetic Analysis ( human lym) |
references
| government/industry list/academic study | reference |
| European Union - Classification & Labelling | CPS&Q (Consumer Products Safety & Quality) formely known as ECB (European Chemicals Bureau). 2008. Classification and Labelling: Chemicals: Annex VI of Directive 67/548/EEC through the 31st ATP. |
| Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics | AOEC (Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics). 2009. AEOC exposures codes and asthmagen designation. |
| Environment Canada Domestic Substance List | EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry. |
| European Commission on Endocrine Disruption | EU (European Union)- Strategy for Endocrine Disrupters 2007. Commision on endocrin disruption requested by the European Parliament in 1998. |
| National Library of Medicine HazMap | NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2006. HazMap — Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Agents. |
| EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs | EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1999. Toxics Release Inventory Program. PBT Chemical Rule. |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | US EPA. Addition of Certain Chemicals; Toxic Chemical Release Reporting; Community Right to Know. Proposed and Final Rules. 59 Federal Register 1788 (Jan 12, 1994); 59 Federal Register 61432 (November 30, 1994). Summarized in Hazard Information on Toxic Chemicals Added to EPCRA Section 313 Under Chemical Expansion. http://www.epa.gov/tri/chemical/hazard_cx.htm, Jankovic, J. A Screening Method for Occupational Reproductive Health Risk. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. 57: 641-649. 1996. |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | Frazier , L. and M. L. Hage (eds.). Reproductive Hazards of the Workplace, Wiley Europe, 1998. Table 10 (Partial List of Reproductive Toxicants) available at http://www.pharmacy.ohio-state.edu/homepage/safety/chemhygiene_table_repro.pdf. |
| RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2007 | RTECS®- TLV/BEI,2007 |
| RTECS®- Bibliotheca Haematologica (Basel) 1971 | RTECS®- Bibliotheca Haematologica (Basel). (S. Karger AG, Postfach, CH-4009 Basel, Switzerland) No.1- 38(Pt1),344,1971 |
| RTECS®- Ciba-Geigy Toxicology Data/Indexes 1977 | RTECS®- Ciba-Geigy Toxicology Data/Indexes. (Ciba-Geigy Corp., 556 Morris Ave., Summit, NJ 07901) -,-,1977 |
| RTECS®- Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis 1988 | RTECS®- Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 12,85,1988 |
| RTECS®- JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology 1981 | RTECS®- JAT, Journal of Applied Toxicology. (John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Baffins Lane, Chichester, W. Sussex PO19 1UD, UK) V.1- 1,190,1981 |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1983 | RTECS®- Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 118,61,1983 |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1997 | RTECS®- Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 388,27,1997 |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 2000 | RTECS®- Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 472,85,2000 |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 2005 | RTECS®- Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 582,116,2005 |
| RTECS®- Mutation Research 1979 | RTECS®- Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 66,277,1979 |
| RTECS®- Reproductive Toxicology 2006 | RTECS®- Reproductive Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 22,508,2006 |
| RTECS®- Science of the Total Environment 1988 | RTECS®- Science of the Total Environment. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 76,63,1988 |
| RTECS®- Toxicologist 2004 | RTECS®- Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981- 78,426,2004 |
| RTECS®- Tsitologiya 1976 | RTECS®- Tsitologiya. Cytology. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) V.1- 18,1490,1976 |
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