National Drinking Water Database
National Drinking Water Database - Chemical Contaminants
Carbaryl
Status: Unregulated - EPA has not established a maximum legal limit in tapwater for this contaminant.
Carbaryl is an agricultural pesticide used on citrus, vegetables and nuts; it is also found in home, garden, lawn and industrial applications.
Detected |
Found above health guidelines |
Found above legal limit |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| States | 5 |
- |
- |
| Water utilities | 17 |
- |
- |
| People Served | 511,315 |
- |
- |
Health Concerns for Carbaryl:
- Allergies/immunotoxicity
- Endocrine disruption
- Neurotoxicity
- Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
- Cancer
- Developmental/reproductive toxicity
- Occupational hazards
- Ecotoxicology
- Multiple, additive exposure sources
Carbaryl Exposure by State
Water utilities in 5 states have reported detecting Carbaryl in treated tap water since 2004, according to EWG's analysis of water quality data supplied by state water agencies.
| State | Water Suppliers with Carbaryl contamination | |
|---|---|---|
| Systems | Population | |
| New Jersey | 2 | 267,232 |
| Delaware | 12 | 243,025 |
| New York | 1 | 800 |
| Massachusetts | 1 | 150 |
| Missouri | 1 | 108 |
| Total | 17 | 511,315 |
The Most Polluted Communities
17 water utilities reported detecting Carbaryl in tap water since 2004, according to EWG's analysis of water quality data supplied by state water agencies
Ranked by highest average Carbaryl level
| Rank | System | Population Served | Positive test results of total reported tests | Average Level (Range) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mcwa, Genesee West Rochester, NY | 800 | 1 of 3 | 0.3 ppb (0 to 0.9 ppb) |
| 2 | River Crossing Condominium MA | 150 | 1 of 2 | 0.19 ppb (0 to 0.38 ppb) |
| 3 | Windsong Farms Newark, DE | 450 | 1 of 2 | 0.16 ppb (0 to 0.32 ppb) |
| 4 | Delaware Correctional Center Smyrna, DE | 2,000 | 1 of 2 | 0.16 ppb (0 to 0.32 ppb) |
| 5 | Cedar Landing Newark, DE | 320 | 1 of 2 | 0.16 ppb (0 to 0.32 ppb) |
| 6 | Augustine Creek Port Penn, DE | 425 | 1 of 2 | 0.16 ppb (0 to 0.32 ppb) |
| 7 | NJ American Water Company Shorthills, NJ | 217,230 | 1 of 2 | 0.14 ppb (0 to 0.27 ppb) |
| 8 | New Brunswick W Dept New Brunswick, NJ | 50,002 | 1 of 2 | 0.12 ppb (0 to 0.24 ppb) |
| 9 | Thomas Cove Newark, DE | 3,400 | 1 of 3 | 0.11 ppb (0 to 0.32 ppb) |
| 10 | Fox Hunter Crossing Newark, DE | 1,470 | 1 of 4 | 0.08 ppb (0 to 0.32 ppb) |
Health Based Limits for Carbaryl
| Standard | Description | Level |
|---|---|---|
| Drinking Water Equivalent Level | A lifetime exposure concentration protective of adverse, noncarcinogenic health effects, that assumes all of the exposure to a contaminant is from drinking water. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. | 40 ppb |
| One in one million (10-6) Cancer Risk | The concentration of a chemical in drinking water corresponding to an excess estimated lifetime cancer risk of 1 in 1,000,000. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. | 40 ppb |
| Health-Based Screening Level | A benchmark concentration of contaminants in water that may be of potential concern for human health, if exceeded. For noncarcinogens, the HBSL represents the contaminant concentration in drinking water that is not expected to cause any adverse effects over a lifetime of exposure. For carcinogens, the HBSL range represents the contaminant concentration in drinking water that corresponds to an excess estimated lifetime cancer risk of 1 chance in 1 million to 1 chance in 10 thousand. Source: U.S. Geological Survey. | 40 ppb-4000 ppb |
| Children's health-based limit for 1-day exposure | Concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to cause any adverse, noncarcinogenic health effects for up to one day of exposure. The One-Day health-based limit (or Health Advisory, HA) is typically set to protect a 10-kg child consuming 1 liter of water per day. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. | 1000 ppb |
| Children's health-based limit for 10-day exposure | Concentration of a chemical in drinking water that is not expected to cause any adverse, noncarcinogenic effects for up to ten days of exposure. The Ten-Day health-based limit (or Health Advisory, HA) is typically set to protect a 10-kg child consuming 1 liter of water per day. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. | 1000 ppb |
| One in ten thousand (10-4) Cancer Risk | The concentration of a chemical in drinking water corresponding to an excess estimated lifetime cancer risk of 1 in 10,000. Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. | 4000 ppb |
Testing Summary for Carbaryl
| Are tests routinely required for Carbaryl by federal law? | No |
| Water suppliers reporting tests for Carbaryl (2004-2009): | 11,594 of 47,576 |
| Average testing rate for water supplier reporting tests (2004-2009): | 0.4 per year |
Allergies/immunotoxicity
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Known human immune system toxicant or allergen | National Library of Medicine HazMap |
Endocrine disruption
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Human disruptor - strong evidence | European Commission on Endocrine Disruption |
| Limited evidence of wildlife and the environment disruption | European Commission on Endocrine Disruption |
| Limited evidence of endocrine disruption | Japanese National Institute of Health Sciences, 1997 |
| endocrine - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed/unreview: published lit review or major tox study | Illinois EPA Chemicals Associated with Endocrine System |
| endocrine - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed/unreview: published lit review or major tox study | Our Stolen Future Endocrine Disruptors |
Neurotoxicity
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Strong evidence of human neurotoxicity | Chemicals known to be neurotoxic to humans |
Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Known human respiratory toxicant | EPA Hazardous Air Pollutants |
| Classified as toxic or harmful | European Union - Classification & Labelling |
| Limited evidence of musculoskeletal toxicity | US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center |
| One or more animal studies show classified as toxic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | National Library of Medicine HazMap |
| One or more animal studies show classified as toxic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs |
| reproductive - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed/unreview: published lit review or major tox study | National Library of Medicine HazMap |
Cancer
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Limited evidence of carcinogenicity | European Union - Classification & Labelling |
| Cancer - moderate evidence - immune system | CHE Toxicant and Disease Database |
| Cancer - limited evidence | CHE Toxicant and Disease Database |
| Cancer - limited evidence | US EPA, Office of Pesticide Programs, 2002 |
| Cancer - not classifiable/not likely to be human carcinogen | Int'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Carcinogens |
Developmental/reproductive toxicity
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Limited evidence of reproductive toxicity | National Library of Medicine HazMap |
| Human nervous system toxicant - moderate evidence | Chemicals known to be neurotoxic to humans |
| Limited evidence of developmental toxicity | CHE Toxicant and Disease Database |
| Limited evidence of reproductive toxicity | US EPA, 9204 |
| Limited evidence of developmental toxicity | US EPA, 9204 |
Occupational hazards
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses | European Union - Classification & Labelling |
Ecotoxicology
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Wildlife and environmental toxicity | European Union - Classification & Labelling |
| Wildlife and environmental toxicity | Illinois EPA Chemicals Associated with Endocrine System |
Multiple, additive exposure sources
| Type of concern: | Reference: |
| Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food | FDA Food Additive Status |
Government, industry, academic studies and classifications
| government/industry list/academic study | appears on list as | classification(s) |
| European Union - Classification & Labelling | CARBARYL | •Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect •Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect •Harmful •Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed •Dangerous for the environment •Very toxic to aquatic organisms |
| FDA Food Additive Status | CARBARYL | • INSECT • Food additive: food additive for which a petition has been filed and a regulation issued • Tolerances for Residues 40 Code of Federal Regulations 180.169 |
| Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics | SEVIN | • P |
| Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics | SEVIN | • P |
| Illinois EPA Chemicals Associated with Endocrine System | CARBARYL | •EPA: suspected endocrine disruptor |
| European Commission on Endocrine Disruption | CARBARYL | HH-CAT1;WF-CAT2 |
| European Union - Banned or Restricted in Cosmetics | CARBARYL | •Prohibited in EU cosmetics: must not form part of the composition of cosmetic products |
| EPA Hazardous Air Pollutants | CARBARYL | •Hazardous air pollutant under Clean Air Act |
| National Library of Medicine HazMap | CARBARYL | •Skin Sensitizer - An agent that can induce an allergic reaction in the skin or lungs: Yes; •Reproductive Toxin - A chemical that is toxic to the reproductive system, including defects in the progeny and injury to male and female reproductive function: Yes; •PEL (OSHA) - Permissible exposure limit (OSHA): 5 mg/m3; •Other Poison: Carbamate; •TLV (ACGIH) - Threshold limit value (ACGIH): 5 mg/m3; •IDLH (NIOSH) - Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health: 100 mg/m3; •MAK - Maximum Allowable Concentration (Federal Republic of Germany): 5 mg/m3, inhalable fraction; |
| Int'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Carcinogens | CARBARYL | •IARC Group 3 (no cancer link) |
| Our Stolen Future Endocrine Disruptors | CARBARYL | • |
| EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs | METHYLCARBAMATE1-NAPHTHALENOL | •Toxic, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Toxics Release Inventory programs |
| US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center | CARBARYL | •Musculoskeletal toxicity hazards: suspected |
| US EPA, 9204 | CARBARYL | •Reproductive toxicity hazards: suspected |
| US EPA, 9204 | CARBARYL | •Developmental toxicity hazards: suspected |
| Japanese National Institute of Health Sciences, 1997 | CARBARYL | •Endocrine toxicity hazards: suspected |
| US EPA, Office of Pesticide Programs, 2002 | CARBARYL | •Cancer hazards: suspected |
references
| government/industry list/academic study | reference |
| European Union - Classification & Labelling | CPS&Q (Consumer Products Safety & Quality) formely known as ECB (European Chemicals Bureau). 2008. Classification and Labelling: Chemicals: Annex VI of Directive 67/548/EEC through the 31st ATP. |
| FDA Food Additive Status | FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Food Additive Status List. Downloaded from http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/%7Edms/opa-appa.html, Oct 16, 2006. |
| Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics | AOEC (Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics). 2009. AEOC exposures codes and asthmagen designation. |
| Illinois EPA Chemicals Associated with Endocrine System | Illinois EPA (Illinois Environmental Protection Agency). 2000. Preliminary list of chemicals associated with endocrine system effects in animals and humans (*) or in vitro (+). In EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) 2000. Handbook for Non-Cancer Health Effects Valuation, Appendix C. |
| European Commission on Endocrine Disruption | EU (European Union)- Strategy for Endocrine Disrupters 2007. Commision on endocrin disruption requested by the European Parliament in 1998. |
| European Union - Banned or Restricted in Cosmetics | EC (European Commission of the European Union). 1999-2006. Enterprise Directorate-General Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics. The rules governing cosmetic products in the European Union, Volume 1, "Cosmetics legislation." |
| EPA Hazardous Air Pollutants | EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2005. Office of Air. The 112(b)1 Hazardous Air Pollutants List (as modified). Last modified: 12 Dec 2005. |
| National Library of Medicine HazMap | NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2006. HazMap — Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Agents. |
| Int'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Carcinogens | IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). 2008. Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity to Humans, as evaluated in IARC Monographs Volumes 1-99 (a total of 935 agents, mixtures and exposures). |
| Our Stolen Future Endocrine Disruptors | Colborn T, D Dumanoski, JP Myers. 2006. Widespread Pollutants with Endocrine-disrupting Effects. Updated from original listing in "Our Stolen Future" (1996). |
| EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs | EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1999. Toxics Release Inventory Program. PBT Chemical Rule. |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | US EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center. Health Effects Notebook for Hazardous Air Pollutants. http://www.epa.gov/ttnatw01/hlthef/hapindex.html |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | US EPA. Roadmaps to Sources of Information on Chemicals Listed in the Emergency Planning Community and Community Right-to-Know Act (Also Known as SARA Title 3), Section 313 Toxic Release Inventory (for Microcomputers). (Report Number EPADFDK92040). 1991. Data file distributed in 2 diskettes by Office of Pollution, Prevention, and Toxics, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. NOTE: Datasource no longer being maintained by EPA; not currently available online., Frazier , L. and M. L. Hage (eds.). Reproductive Hazards of the Workplace, Wiley Europe, 1998. Table 10 (Partial List of Reproductive Toxicants) available at http://www.pharmacy.ohio-state.edu/homepage/safety/chemhygiene_table_repro.pdf. |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | US EPA. Roadmaps to Sources of Information on Chemicals Listed in the Emergency Planning Community and Community Right-to-Know Act (Also Known as SARA Title 3), Section 313 Toxic Release Inventory (for Microcomputers). (Report Number EPADFDK92040). 1991. Data file distributed in 2 diskettes by Office of Pollution, Prevention, and Toxics, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. NOTE: Datasource no longer being maintained by EPA; not currently available online., Jankovic, J. A Screening Method for Occupational Reproductive Health Risk. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal. 57: 641-649. 1996. |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | Japanese National Institute of Health Sciences. Lists of Paradigmatic Chemicals. http://www.nihs.go.jp/hse/endocrine-e/paradigm/paradigm.html, Keith, L.H. (ed.). Environmental Endocrine Disruptors. John Wiley & Sons, NY. 1997. http://www.wileyeurope.com/cda/product/0,,0471191450%7Cdesc%7C3037,00.html, World Wildlife Fund. Our Stolen Future. Widespread Pollutants with Endocrine-disrupting Effects. http://www.ourstolenfuture.org/Basics/chemlist.htm. The WWF list is derived from references detailed at http://www.ourstolenfuture.org/Sources/chemsources.htm and was originally published in: Colborn, T., F.S. vom Saal, and A.M. Soto. Developmental Effects of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals In Wildlife and Humans. Environmental Health Perspectives 101(5): 378-384. 1993. |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | US EPA, Office of Pesticide Programs. List of Chemicals Evaluated for Carcinogenic Potential (5/10/2002). OPP, Washington, DC. http://www.epi.uci.edu/valleycenter/EPAListCarcinogenicChemicals.pdf |
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