BETAINE || Skin Deep® Cosmetics Database | Environmental Working Group

BETAINE

Score	Data: Fair
CAS	107-43-7
facial moisturizer/ treatment (45 products)
shampoo (32 products)
conditioner (28 products)
anti-aging (25 products)
moisturizer (24 products)
Show all 208 products that contain BETAINE.
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BETAINE

image source: PubChem

Health concerns of ingredient
About the ratings
Cancer	no information
Developmental & reproductive toxicity	no information
Allergies & immunotoxicity	no information
Use restrictions	no information
Contamination concerns: none
Other HIGH concerns: Multiple, additive exposure sources
Other LOW concerns: Data gaps

About the ratings

EWG provides information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature, to supplement incomplete data available from companies and the government. The ratings below indicate the relative level of concern posed by exposure to the ingredients in this product - not the product itself - compared to other product formulations. The ratings reflect potential health hazards but do not account for the level of exposure or individual susceptibility, factors which determine actual health risks, if any. Learn more | Legal Disclaimer

Function/use(s): Hair Conditioning Agent; Humectant; Skin-Conditioning Agent - Humectant; ANTISTATIC; SKIN CONDITIONING; VISCOSITY CONTROLLING

About BETAINE: Betaine is a zwitterion (inner salt).

Synonym(s): TRIMETHYLGLYCINE; ABROMINE; ALPHA-EARLEINE; GLYCINE BETAINE; GLYCOCOLL BETAINE; GLYCYLBETAINE; GLYKOKOLLBETAIN (GERMAN) ; JORTAINE; LORAMINE AMB 13; LYCINE; OXYNEURINE

Multiple, additive exposure sources
type of concern	product conditions	reference
Used in food or as an additive with limited or no toxicity information available		FDA Everything Added to Food

Data gaps
type of concern	product conditions	reference
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel
4,054 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical see search results ->		PubMed

Ecotoxicology
type of concern	product conditions	reference
Not suspected to be an environmental toxin		Environment Canada Domestic Substance List

Persistence and bioaccumulation

type of concern

product conditions

reference

Not suspected to be persistent

Environment Canada Domestic Substance List

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
type of concern	product conditions	reference
Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmful		Environment Canada Domestic Substance List

Government, industry, academic studies and classifications
government/industry list/academic study	appears on list as	classification(s)
FDA Everything Added to Food	BETAINE	• EAF
Environment Canada Domestic Substance List	METHANAMINIUM, 1-CARBOXY-N,N,N-TRIMETHYL-, HYDROXIDE, INNER SALT	,,,,,,,,,

Other RTECS® classifications [shown for informational purposes only]
government/industry list/academic study	appears on list as	classification(s)
RTECS^®- Acta Biologica et Medica Germanica 1959	BETAINE	• brain, nervous system, or behavioral effect - Convulsions or effect on seizure threshold (mouse LD50) • respiratory - Cyanosis (mouse LD50) • brain, nervous system, or behavioral effect - Fluid intake (mouse LD50)
RTECS^®- Biochemical Pharmacology 2003	BETAINE	• biochemical - Amino acids (including renal excretion) (mouse TDLo) • liver - Other changes (mouse TDLo)
RTECS^®- Food and Chemical Toxicology 2003	BETAINE	• metabolic - Weight loss or decreased weight gain (rat TDLo) • metabolic - Ca (rat TDLo) • blood - Changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count (rat TDLo) • kidney or renal system - Changes in kidney weight (rat TDLo) • liver - Changes in liver weight (rat TDLo) • endocrine system - Changes in ovarian weight (rat TDLo) • blood - Changes in platelet count (rat TDLo) • blood - Changes in serum composition (eg., TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) (rat TDLo) • endocrine system - Changes in spleen weight (rat TDLo) • endocrine system - Changes in thymus weight (rat TDLo) • biochemical - Dehydrogenases (rat TDLo) • brain, nervous system, or behavioral effect - Food intake (animal) (rat TDLo) • metabolic - Metabolic acidosis (rat TDLo) • blood - Other changes (rat TDLo) • biochemical - Other transferases (rat TDLo) • biochemical - Phosphatases (rat TDLo) • biochemical - Transaminases (rat TDLo) • kidney or renal system - Urine volume increased (rat TDLo)
RTECS^®- Medicina et Pharmacologia Experimentalis 1967	BETAINE	• broad systemic - Broad systemic toxicity (mouse LD50)
RTECS^®- Toxicologist 2005	BETAINE	• biochemical - Amino acids (including renal excretion) (mouse TDLo) • liver - Other changes (mouse TDLo) • biochemical - Other transferases (mouse TDLo)

references
government/industry list/academic study	reference
FDA Everything Added to Food	FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2008. EAFUS [Everything Added to Food]: A Food Additive Database. FDA Office of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.
Environment Canada Domestic Substance List	EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
RTECS^®- Acta Biologica et Medica Germanica 1959 [shown for informational purposes only]	RTECS^®- Acta Biologica et Medica Germanica. (Berlin, Ger. Dem. Rep.) V.1-41, 1958-82. For publisher information, see BBIADT. 3,28,1959
RTECS^®- Biochemical Pharmacology 2003 [shown for informational purposes only]	RTECS^®- Biochemical Pharmacology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.1- 1958- 65,1565,2003
RTECS^®- Food and Chemical Toxicology 2003 [shown for informational purposes only]	RTECS^®- Food and Chemical Toxicology. (Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, NY 10523) V.20- 1982- 41,1685,2003
RTECS^®- Medicina et Pharmacologia Experimentalis 1967 [shown for informational purposes only]	RTECS^®- Medicina et Pharmacologia Experimentalis. (Basel, Switzerland) V.12-17, 1965-67. For publisher information, see PHMGBN. 16,529,1967
RTECS^®- Toxicologist 2005 [shown for informational purposes only]	RTECS^®- Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- -1981 44,393,2005