Health Concerns of the Ingredient:
Overall Hazard
Developmental &
reproductive toxicity
About PROPYL GALLATE: Propyl Gallate is an aromatic ester of propyl alcohol and Gallic Acid (q.v.).
Function(s): Antioxidant; Fragrance Ingredient; PERFUMING
Synoym(s): 3,4,5-TRIHYDROXY- PROPYL ESTER BENZOIC ACID; 3,4,5-TRIHYDROXYBENZOIC ACID, PROPYL ESTER; BENZOIC ACID, 3,4,5-TRIHYDROXY-, PROPYL ESTER; BENZOIC ACID, 3,4,5TRIHYDROXY, PROPYL ESTER; PROPYL 3,4,5-TRIHYDROXYBENZOATE; PROPYL ESTER 3,4,5-TRIHYDROXYBENZOIC ACID; PROPYL ESTER BENZOIC ACID, 3,4,5-TRIHYDROXY-; 2,4,5-TRIHYDROXYBENZOIC ACID PROPYL ESTER; 3,4,5-TRIHYDROXYBENZENE-1-PROPYLCARBOXYLATE; 3,4,5-TRIHYDROXYBENZOIC ACID N-PROPYL ESTER; BENZOIC ACID, 3,4,5-TRIHYDROXY-, PROPYL ESTER
Allergies/immunotoxicity
| Concern |
Reference |
|---|
| Human skin toxicant or allergen - strong evidence | Cosmetic Ingredient Review Assessments |
| Limited evidence of immune system toxicity or allergies (only for products for use on skin) | European Union - Classification & Labelling |
Occupational hazards
| Concern |
Reference |
|---|
| Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low doses | European Union - Classification & Labelling |
Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)
| Concern |
Reference |
|---|
| Classified as toxic or harmful (only for products for use around the mouth; products for use on the lips) | European Union - Classification & Labelling |
| Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmful | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Use restrictions
| Concern |
Reference |
|---|
| Determined safe for use in cosmetics, subject to concentration or use limitations - Safe for use in cosmetics with some qualifications | Cosmetic Ingredient Review Assessments |
Data gaps
| Concern |
Reference |
|---|
| Risk assessment method deficiencies and data gaps - Maximum reported "as used" concentration is basis of safety assessment by industry safety panel (Cosmetic Ingredient Review, CIR) - implicit safe concentration limit in product | Cosmetic Ingredient Review Assessments |
| 719 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical see search results -> | NLM PubMed |
Ecotoxicology
| Concern |
Reference |
|---|
| Not suspected to be an environmental toxin | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Multiple, additive exposure sources
| Concern |
Reference |
|---|
| Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food | FDA Food Additive Status |
| Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food | Cosmetic Ingredient Review Assessments |
| Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in food | FDA Everything Added to Food |
Persistence and bioaccumulation
| Concern |
Reference |
|---|
| Not suspected to be persistent | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
| Not suspected to be bioaccumulative | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
Data Sources
| CIR (Cosmetic Ingredient Review). 2006. CIR Compendium, containing abstracts, discussions, and conclusions of CIR cosmetic ingredient safety assessments. Washington DC. |
| CPS&Q (Consumer Products Safety & Quality) formely known as ECB (European Chemicals Bureau). 2008. Classification and Labelling: Chemicals: Annex VI of Directive 67/548/EEC through the 31st ATP. |
| EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry. |
| FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Food Additive Status List. Downloaded from http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/%7Edms/opa-appa.html, Oct 16, 2006. |
| FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2008. EAFUS [Everything Added to Food]: A Food Additive Database. FDA Office of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. |
| IFRA (International Fragrance Assocication). 2010. IFRA Fragrance Ingredient List based on 2008 Use Survey. Accessed online 01/04/2010: http://www.ifraorg.org/Home/News/Latest-News/page.aspx/66?xf_itemId=43&xf_selectionDatapartId=25 |
| NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2012. PubMed online scientific bibliography data. http://www.pubmed.gov. |
Products Containing the Ingredient
About the ratings
EWG provides information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature, to supplement incomplete data available from companies and the government. The ratings below indicate the relative level of concern posed by exposure to the ingredients in this product - not the product itself - compared to other product formulations. The ratings reflect potential health hazards but do not account for the level of exposure or individual susceptibility, factors which determine actual health risks, if any.
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