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Data: Fair

Fd&C Yellow 5 (Ci 19140)

  • Products with the EWG VERIFIED mark have met the program’s impurity restrictions based on EWG review of company data.

IMAGE SOURCE: PubChem

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Other Concerns

Neurotoxicity (moderate), Endocrine disruption (low), Persistence and bioaccumulation (moderate), Non-reproductive organ system toxicity (moderate), and Contamination concerns (high)

SYNONYMS

● 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4 -SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-, TRISODIUM
● 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHE NYL)AZO]-, TRISODIUM
● 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-, TRISODIUM
● 1HPYRAZOLE3CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5DIHYDRO5OXO1(4SULFOPHENYL)4[(4SULFOPHENYL)AZO], TRISODIUM SALT
● 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4 -SULFOPHENYL)AZO]- TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID
● 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHE NYL)AZO]- TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID
● 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHENYL)AZO]- TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID
● 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, TRISODIUM
● ACID YELLOW 23
● CI 19140
● D&C YELLOW 4
● D&C YELLOW 5
● FD&C YELLOW 5
● FD&C YELLOW 5 (CI 19140)
● FD&C YELLOW NO. 5
● FOOD YELLOW 4
● HYDRAZINE YELLOW
● JAPAN YELL OW 4
● KI4
● KI5
● TARTRAPHENINE
● TARTRAZIN
● TARTRAZINE
● TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4 -SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-
● TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHE NYL)AZO]-
● TRISODIUM 1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-
● TRISODIUM 4,5-DIHYDRO-5-OXO-1-(4-SULFOPHENYL)-4-[(4-SULFOPHENYL)AZO]-1H-PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID
● TRISODIUM 5-HYDROXY-1-(4-SULPHOPHENYL)-4-(4-SULPHOPHENYLAZO)PYRAZOLE-3-CARBOXYLATE
● YELLOW 4
● YELLOW 5
● YELLOW NO. 4

Restricted

Restricted: EWG VERIFIED products cannot contain this ingredient without adequate substantiation


FD&C Yellow 5 is a synthetic dye produced from petroleum; this dye is FDA-approved for use in food, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.

Common concerns

See how this product scores for common concerns.

  • LOW
    Cancer
  • MODERATE
    Allergies & Immunotoxicity
  • LOW
    Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity
  • LOW
    Use Restrictions

Ingredient concerns

  • CONCERNS
  • DATA SOURCES

Products with this Ingredient

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body wash/cleanser302 products
liquid hand soap242 products
lipstick233 products
shampoo208 products
nail polish203 products
conditioner188 products
bath oil/salts/soak156 products
brow liner137 products
eye shadow132 products
lip gloss118 products
blush109 products
eye liner105 products
exfoliant/scrub101 products
fragrance for women100 products
mask79 products
moisturizer78 products
sunless tanning73 products
foundation66 products
concealer66 products
hair treatment/serum62 products
bar soap61 products
facial cleanser54 products
body spray52 products
hair styling aide52 products
facial moisturizer/treatment47 products
lip balm46 products
hand sanitizer40 products
bronzer/highlighter39 products
styling gel/lotion38 products
fragrance for men34 products
around-eye cream27 products
lip liner27 products
glitter25 products
after sun product24 products
lip balm with SPF24 products
serums & essences23 products
makeup primer22 products
mouthwash21 products
toothpaste20 products
bubble bath20 products
mascara20 products
toners/astringents18 products
nail treatment17 products
setting powder/spray16 products
hand cream14 products
antiperspirant/deodorant12 products
11 products
body oil10 products
antiperspirant/deodorant (men's)10 products
after shave10 products
hair color and bleaching9 products
recreational sunscreen9 products
facial powder8 products
body firming lotion8 products
hair spray8 products
anti-aging7 products
styling mousse/foam7 products
daily use with SPF6 products
lip plumper5 products
detangler4 products
shaving cream4 products
cuticle treatment4 products
beard care4 products
polish remover3 products
baby shampoo3 products
other eye makeup3 products
nail glue3 products
foot moisturizer2 products
tanning oil2 products
foot cleansing1 products
tooth whitening1 products
muscle/joint soreness1 products
hair relaxer1 products
body art1 products
makeup remover1 products
baby bubble bath1 products
baby oil1 products
eye makeup remover1 products
baby soap1 products
depilatory1 products
baby toothpaste1 products
eyelash glue1 products

Contamination concerns

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Persistence and bioaccumulation

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Persistent or bioaccumulative and moderate to high toxicity concern in humansEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List
Not suspected to be bioaccumulativeEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List
Not suspected to be persistentEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List

Allergies/immunotoxicity

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Human any toxicant or allergen - moderate evidenceOpen scientific literature
One or more human case studies show possible any or allergenic effectsOpen scientific literature
One or more human case studies show equivocal any or allergenic effectsOpen scientific literature

Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Classified as medium human health priorityEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List
One or more animal studies show any effects at high doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient)Open scientific literature
Classified as not expected to be potentially toxic or harmfulEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List

Neurotoxicity

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CONCERN REFERENCE
One or more human case studies show significant any effectsOpen scientific literature
One or more human case studies show possible any effectsOpen scientific literature
One or more animal studies show any effects at moderate dosesOpen scientific literature
One or more animal studies show any effects at high dosesOpen scientific literature

Cancer

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Cancer - limited evidenceOpen scientific literature
One or more in vitro tests on mammalian cells show positive mutation resultsOpen scientific literature
One or more in vitro tests on cells show inconclusive, but potentially positive mutation resultsOpen scientific literature
Not likely to be mutagenic in humansOpen scientific literature
Not likely to be carcinogenic in humansOpen scientific literature
Limited or incomplete evidence of cancer according to safety/hazard data – government assessment cannot classify as human carcinogen due to data gapsInt'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Carcinogens

Endocrine disruption

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CONCERN REFERENCE
One or more studies show weak endocrine disruptionOpen scientific literature
Associated with endocrine disruptionOpen scientific literature

Developmental/reproductive toxicity

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CONCERN REFERENCE
One or more animal studies show any effects at high dosesOpen scientific literature
any - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed/unreviewedOpen scientific literature

Informational

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color Additives - Batch Certified by the U.S. Food and Drug AdministrationCTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook
Industry or government recommendations for safe use: restrictions on concentration, impurities, product types, or manufacturing methods - Color additive approved by FDA for use in cosmeticsFDA Color Additive Status

Ecotoxicology

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Not suspected to be an environmental toxinEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List

Data gaps

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CONCERN REFERENCE
370 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemicalNLM PubMed

Multiple, additive exposure sources

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CONCERN REFERENCE
Designated as safe for general or specific, limited use in foodFDA Everything Added to Food
  • EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
  • Open scientific/peer reviewed literature
  • IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). 2008. Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity to Humans, as evaluated in IARC Monographs Volumes 1-99 (a total of 935 agents, mixtures and exposures).
  • CTFA (Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association). 2006. International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 11th Edition. Color Additive Information. Washington, DC.
  • FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Color Additive Status List. September 2006.
  • NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2012. PubMed online scientific bibliography data. http://www.pubmed.gov.
  • FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). 2008. EAFUS [Everything Added to Food]: A Food Additive Database. FDA Office of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition.

Understanding scores

Cosmetics and personal care products are not required to be tested for safety before being allowed on the market. The Skin Deep® scoring system was designed to help the public understand whether a product is safe to use or whether it contains ingredients of concern.

Every product and ingredient in Skin Deep gets a two-part score – one for hazard and one for data availability. The safest products score well by both measures, with a low hazard rating and a fair or better data availability rating.

HOW WE DETERMINE SCORES

Hazard score

The Skin Deep ingredient hazard score, from 1 to 10, reflects known and suspected hazards linked to the ingredients. The EWG VERIFIED® mark means a product meets EWG’s strictest criteria for transparency and health.

Score legend

Data availability

The Skin Deep data availability rating reflects the number of scientific studies about the product or ingredient in the published scientific literature.

NONE LIMITED FAIR GOOD ROBUST
Low Availability
Moderate Availability
High Availability

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