GROUP:
Toddlers (age 1-4)
health & safety concerns: |
chemicals found | ||
| on average | indivi- dual range |
entire group | |
| Reproduction and fertility | 9 | 1-11 | 12 |
| Brain and nervous system | 9 | 1-11 | 12 |
| Immune system (including sensitization and allergies) | 4 | 4-4 | 5 |
| Respiratory system | 4 | 3-4 | 4 |
| Chronic effects, general | 2 | 2-2 | 2 |
| Endocrine system | 2 | 1-2 | 2 |
| Cancer | 2 | 2-2 | 2 |
| Birth defects and developmental delays | 2 | 2-2 | 2 |
Group members:
(22 People)
Nicholas
May
Anonymous Child #17
Teo
Olivia Brune
Nicolas
Anonymous Child #13
Naomi Carrigg
Anonymous Child #11
Mckenzie Green
Lauren
Hannelore Peters
Conner Adams
Brynn Dickman
Elijah Scheinz
Natalie Comerford
Tavin
Ruby Alcorn
Louis Comfort-Cohen
Zade Little
Eva West
Evan
Locations:
NY, USA
Washington, DC
Oakland, CA
Lake Forest Park, WA
San Francisco, CA
Helena, MT
Colorado Springs, CO
Missoula, MT
Seattle, WA
Minneapolis, MN
Anchorage, AK
Boston, MA
Portland, OR
Alameda, CA
Riverside, CA
Taos, NM
Clinton, CT
Group: Toddlers (age 1-4)
Found 22 of 42 tested chemicals (22 participants)
The blood and urine of the "Toddlers (age 1-4)" group contained 22 of 42 industrial compounds, pollutants and other chemicals tested, including chemicals linked to reproductive toxicity and fertility problems, brain and nervous system toxicity, and immune system toxicity.
Summary of chemicals found in Toddlers (age 1-4)
| chemical family | level found in group | health effects | exposure routes |
| Perfluorochemicals (PFCs) | 100% moderate | Birth defects and developmental delays, Cancer, Endocrine system | Stain- and grease-proof coatings on food packaging, couches, carpets, pans |
| Phthalates | 100% moderate | Endocrine system | Cosmetics, paint, soft plastic, food packaging, and other consumer products |
| Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) | 20% high 80% moderate | Reproduction and fertility, Brain and nervous system | Foam furniture, carpet padding, computers, televisions, contaminated house dust, food |
Test results by chemical family (see each chemical)
perfluorochemicals (pfcs)
4 of 13 found — see each chemical
Includes Teflon, Scotchgard, Stainmaster. Linked to cancer and birth defects.
- geometric mean: 21.7 ng/mL in blood serum (vs. 22.7 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
- found in 1 of 1 people in the group (vs. 3,684 of 3,959 in CDC biomonitoring)
- found in: Nicholas
| 2.63 | ng/mL in blood serum | 77.7 |
 | ||
Total Perfluorochemicals (PFCs)
phthalates
7 of 7 found — see each chemical
In cosmetics, paint, and plastics. Linked to sperm damage and birth defects of male reproductive system.
- geometric mean: 251 ug/g creatinine in urine (vs. 315 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
- found in 2 of 2 people in the group (vs. 7,928 of 8,020 in CDC biomonitoring)
- found in: Nicholas, May
| 102 | ug/g creatinine in urine | 10800 |
|
| ||
Total Phthalates
polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes)
11 of 20 found — see each chemical
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)
Fire retardants in furniture foam, computers, and televisions. Accumulate in human tissues. May harm brain development.
- geometric mean: 57.9 ng/g lipids in blood serum (vs. 26.3 in CDC biomonitoring [1])
[excludes PBDE-154/PBB-153] - found in 20 of 20 people in the group (vs. 2,037 of 2,337 in CDC biomonitoring)
- found in: Natalie Comerford, Nicolas, Anonymous Child #13, Evan, Conner Adams, Hannelore Peters, Anonymous Child #11, Brynn Dickman, Louis Comfort-Cohen, Teo, Olivia Brune, Tavin , Naomi Carrigg, Zade Little, Anonymous Child #17, Eva West, Mckenzie Green, Elijah Scheinz, Ruby Alcorn, Lauren
| 1.11 | ng/g lipids in blood serum | 314 |
|
| ||
Total Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)
References/Notes
[1] CDC (2005). National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals, Centers for Disease Control. http://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport/. (Methylmercury results have been compared to total mercury in CDC biomonitoring.)
