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At EWG, our team of scientists, engineers, policy experts, lawyers and computer programmers pores over government data, legal documents, scientific studies and our own laboratory tests to expose threats to your health and the environment, and to find solutions. Our research brings to light unsettling facts that you have a right to know.


[1] Kreger Theresa 2003. "Teflon deaths." Email correspondence to EWG. April 2003.
[2] Birdhotline 2003. "Warnings to keep your bird safe." Accessed via the Internet at http:/www.birdhotline.com/comment.htm. May 2003.
[3] Shively Carol. 2003. "PTFE fumes kill family's pet birds!" Accessed online at www.quakerville.com/qic/ezine/96Issue5/qteflon.htm. April 2003.
[4] Talking Green Parrot Aviary. 2003. Information accessed online at www.tgpa.com. April 7 2003.
[5] Sehnal, D. 2003. Personal correspondence via email with Environmental Working Group. April and May 2003.
[6] Grahme 2003. "Teflon-related bird information." Email correspondence to Environmental Working Group. April 24 2003.
[7] Stewart Bob. 2002. Personal communication with Dr. Jennifer Klein, Environmental Working Group. May 9, 2002.
[8] Stewart Bob. 2002. Personal email communication with Anne Morgan, Environmental Working Group. [date]
[9] Anonymous 2003. Email correspondence to Environmental Working Group. April 2003.
[10] Anonymous 2003. Email correspondence to Environmental Working Group. April 2003.
[11] Hopkins, Steve 2001. Bird deaths linked to Teflon coating. Waikato Times. Hamilton, New Zealand. Independent Publishers Ltd. July 11, 2001. Copyright 2001 Independent Publishers Ltd.
[12] Blandford, TB., Seamon, PJ., Hughes, R., Pattison, M and Wilderspin, MP. 1975. A case of polytetrafluoroethylene poisoning in cockatiels accompanied by polymer fume fever in the owner. Vet Rec 96(8): 175-8.
[13] Boucher M, Ehmler TJ, Bermudez AJ. 2000. Polytetrafluoroethylene gas intoxication in broiler chickens. Avian Dis 2000 Apr-Jun;44(2):449-53.
[14] Zanen AL, Rietveld AP. 1993. Inhalation trauma due to overheating in a microwave oven. Thorax 48:300-2.
[15] Pennycott TW, Middleton JD. 1997. Suspected PTFE toxicity in wild birds. Vet Rec 141:255.
[16] Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre (CCWHC). 1997. Suspected Teflon toxicosis in songbirds. CCWHC Newsletter. Volume 4, Number 3, Summer 1997. Accessed online May 2003 at http://www.fas.org/ahead/news/ccwhc/summer97.htm#ont
[17] Daniels, Mary. 1986. Stove fumes killing cages birds; overheating coated pans can bring quick death, Chicago Tribune. March 9, 1986.
[18] Daniels, Mary. 1987. Health debate; non-stick drip pans catch heat. Chicago Tribune. March 29 1987.
[19] Vaughn, Sam. 1994. What is a safe toy? NCS Magazine. The National Cockatiel Society (NCS). Accessed online May 2002 at http://www.cockatiels.org/articles/behaviour/safetoys.html.