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At EWG, our team of scientists, engineers, policy experts, lawyers and computer programmers pores over government data, legal documents, scientific studies and our own laboratory tests to expose threats to your health and the environment, and to find solutions. Our research brings to light unsettling facts that you have a right to know.
[1] U.S. Department of the Interior. 1990. Irrigation and Crop Subsidy Programs, Bureau of Reclamation. Office of Inspector General. September 1990. Report No. 90-106.
[2] Love, B. 2005. Bush says can end farm aid, EU less sure. Reuters. July 7, 2005.
[3] Environmental Working Group (EWG). 2004. California Water Subsidies. Large agribusiness operations not small family farmers are reaping a windfall from taxpayer-subsidized cheap water. Available at: http://www.ewg.org/reports/watersubsidies/
[4] Environmental Working Group. 2005. Farm Subsidy Database 2004 update. Forthcoming. Will be available at: http://www.ewg.org/farm/
[5] U.S. General Accounting Office. 1991. Reclamation Law Changes Needed Before Water Service Contracts Are Renewed. August 1991. GAO/RCED-91-175. Available at http://www.gpoaccess.gov/gaoreports/index.html
[6] Democratic Staff Report Committee on Natural Resources. 1994. Taking from the taxpayer: Public subsidies for natural resource development. August, 1994. Available at: http://www.nplnews.com/toolbox/fedreports/takingfromtaxpayer.htm
[7] Miller, G. 1987. Statement of Congressman George Miller. House Subcommittee on Water and Power Resources. Hearing on HR 1443. May 12, 1987.
[8] National Research Council (NRC). 1989. Irrigation-Induced Water Quality Problems. What can be learned from the San Joaquin Valley experience. Available at http://books.nap.edu/books/0309040361/html/index.html
[9] Myers, N. 1998. Lifting the veil on perverse subsidies. Nature 392: 327-328.
[10] Environmental Working Group (EWG). 2005. Virtual Flood. The federal government plans a big increase in taxpayer-subsidized water to California agribusinesses. WhereÕs the water coming from and whereÕs it going? Available at: http://www.ewg.org/reports/virtualflood/
[11] US Department of Agriculture (USDA). 1997. Agricultural Resources and Environmental Indicators, 1996-97. Agriculture Handbook No. 712 (AH712). Available at: http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/arei/Ah712/
[12] Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board. 2002. CWA Section 303(d) List of Water Quality Limited Segment. Approved by USEPA July 2003. Available at: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/tmdl/303d_lists.html
[13] HR 3635 (97th Congress). 1982. A bill to prohibit the use of water from certain Federal reclamation projects for the irrigation of surplus crops within ten years of the completion date of such projects.
[14] Bedell, B. 1986. Letter to House Representatives. September 15, 1986.
[15] HR 1443 (100th Congress). 1987. A bill to amend the Reclamation Projects Act of 1939 to require the Secretary of the Interior to charge full cost for water delivered from any reclamation or irrigation project for the production of any surplus crop of an agricultural commodity.
[16] HR 2386 (101st Congress) To amend the Agriculture Act of 1949 to establish eligibility requirements for agricultural commodity price support programs with respect to the delivery of irrigation water. Sponsor: Rep Gejdenson, Sam [CT-2] (introduced 5/17/1989)
[17] S 1032 (101st Congress) A bill to amend the Agricultural Act of 1949 to establish eligibility requirements for agricultural commodity price support programs with respect to the delivery of irrigation. Sponsor: Sen Heinz, John [PA] (introduced 5/17/1989)
[18] H.AMDT.512 (A009) (101st Congress). 1990. Amends: H.R.2567 Sponsor: Rep Gejdenson, Sam [CT-2]
[19] HR 721 (104th Congress) Public Resources Deficit Reduction Act of 1995.
[20] HR 1340 (105th Congress) Corporate Responsibility Act of 1997.
[21] HR 1470 (106th Congress) Corporate Responsibility Act of 1999.
[22] S 320 (106th Congress) Irrigation Subsidy Reduction Act of 1999.
[23] S 49 (108th Congress) Deficit Reduction Act of 2003
[24] U.S. General Accounting Office. 1992. Natural Resources Management Issues. GAO/OCG-93-17TR. Available at: http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO/OCG-93-17TR
[25] U.S. General Accounting Office. 1993. Choosing Public Investment Programs. GAWAIMD-93-25. Available at: http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?AIMD-93-25
[26] U.S. General Accounting Office. 1994. Addressing the Deficit: Budgetary Implications of Selected GAO Work for Fiscal Year 1995. OCG-94-3. Available at: http://www.fas.org/man/gao/gao943.htm
[27] U.S. General Accounting Office. 1995. Addressing the Deficit: Budgetary Implications of Selected GAO Work for Fiscal Year 1996. GAO/OCG-95-2. Available at: http://www.fas.org/man/gao/gao952.htm
[28] U.S. General Accounting Office. 2000a. Effective Oversight and Budget Discipline Are Essential--Even in a Time of Surplus. Testimony before the Committee on the Budget, U.S. Senate. February 1, 2000. Available at: http://www.senate.gov/~budget/republican/ about/hearing2000/walker21.pdf
[29] U.S. General Accounting Office. 2000b. Opportunities to Address Risks, Reduce Costs, and Improve Performance. Testimony before the Committee on the Budget, House of Representatives. February 17, 2000. Available at: http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?T-AIMD-00-96
[30] U.S. General Accounting Office. 2003. Federal Budget Opportunities for Oversight and Improved Use of Taxpayer Funds. July 2003. GAO-03-1029T.
[31] Congressional Budget Office. 2005. An Analysis of the PresidentÕs Budgetary Proposals for Fiscal Year 2006, March 2005.
California Spatial Information Library. 2002. California Water Districts. http://casil-mirror1.ceres.ca.gov/casil/usbr.gov/wat_dist/
The National Atlas of the United States of America. 2004. Map Layers Warehouse. http://nationalatlas.gov/atlasftp.html
Premier Data Services. 2004. PLSS Grid of California. http://www.permierdata.com/
State Water Resources Control Board. 2002. GIS Layers of the Central Valley 303(d) Water Quality Listed Segments. http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/tmdl/303d_lists2002.html