Evidence
Health issue
Level of Concern
Source
Gums
The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives reports this substance may cause laxative effects if consumed in large amounts.
Only in: Food Scores®
The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives reports this substance may cause laxative effects if consumed in large amounts.
Only in: Food Scores®
some
Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). 1993. Toxicological evaluation of certain food additives and naturally occurring toxicants. WHO Food Additive Series, No. 30, 1993, nos 746-768 on INCHEM. No. 755.
Gums
The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives reports this substance may cause laxative effects if consumed in large amounts.
Only in: Food Scores®
The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives reports this substance may cause laxative effects if consumed in large amounts.
Only in: Food Scores®
some
Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). 1993. Toxicological evaluation of certain food additives and naturally occurring toxicants. WHO Food Additive Series, No. 30, 1993, nos 746-768 on INCHEM. No. 755.
Gums
This substance is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) as a food additive by the US Food and Drug Administration
Only in: Household Cleaners
This substance is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) as a food additive by the US Food and Drug Administration
Only in: Household Cleaners
low
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA): FDA - Priority based Assessment of Food Additive (PAFA)
Impurities
Health issue
Level of Concern
Source
Gums
Impurity: IODINE
Very toxic to aquatic life
Impurity: IODINE
Very toxic to aquatic life
some
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
Very toxic to aquatic life
Impurity: ARSENIC
Very toxic to aquatic life
some
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Impurity: ARSENIC
Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
some
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
Carcinogenic to humans
Impurity: ARSENIC
Carcinogenic to humans
some
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC): Agents classified by the IARC Monographs (through Volume 127)
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
Carcinogenic to humans
Impurity: ARSENIC
Carcinogenic to humans
some
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): EPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) - Cancer
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
Known To Be Human Carcinogen
Impurity: ARSENIC
Known To Be Human Carcinogen
some
National Toxicology Program (NTP): NTP 14th Report on Carcinogens
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry reports this substance damages the cardiovascular system.
Impurity: ARSENIC
The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry reports this substance damages the cardiovascular system.
some
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 2007. Toxicological Profile for Arsenic.
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry reports this substance damages the immune system.
Impurity: ARSENIC
The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry reports this substance damages the immune system.
some
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 2007. Toxicological Profile for Arsenic.
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry reports this substance causes damage to the skin.
Impurity: ARSENIC
The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry reports this substance causes damage to the skin.
some
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 2007. Toxicological Profile for Arsenic.
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry reports this substance can damage the kidneys.
Impurity: ARSENIC
The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry reports this substance can damage the kidneys.
some
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 2007. Toxicological Profile for Arsenic.
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
Known to cause reproductive toxicity (to females)
Impurity: LEAD
Known to cause reproductive toxicity (to females)
some
California OEHHA (Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment): Proposition 65 List (2020 Update)
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
Known to cause reproductive toxicity (to males)
Impurity: LEAD
Known to cause reproductive toxicity (to males)
some
California OEHHA (Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment): Proposition 65 List (2020 Update)
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
Known to cause reproductive toxicity
Impurity: LEAD
Known to cause reproductive toxicity
some
California OEHHA (Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment): Proposition 65 List (2020 Update)
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
Very toxic to aquatic life
Impurity: LEAD
Very toxic to aquatic life
some
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
Impurity: LEAD
Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects
some
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
May damage the unborn child.
Impurity: LEAD
May damage the unborn child.
some
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
Suspected of damaging fertility.
Impurity: LEAD
Suspected of damaging fertility.
some
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Gums
Impurity: IODINE
Excess exposure to iodine can impair thyroid function leading to hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or thyroiditis.
Impurity: IODINE
Excess exposure to iodine can impair thyroid function leading to hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or thyroiditis.
some
2004. Toxicological Profile for Iodine. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
Probably carcinogenic to humans
Impurity: LEAD
Probably carcinogenic to humans
some
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): EPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) - Cancer
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
Reasonably Anticipated To Be Human Carcinogen
Impurity: LEAD
Reasonably Anticipated To Be Human Carcinogen
some
National Toxicology Program (NTP): NTP 14th Report on Carcinogens
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
Toxic if swallowed
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: ARSENIC
Toxic if swallowed
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
Toxic if inhaled
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: ARSENIC
Toxic if inhaled
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
confirmed human carcinogen
Impurity: ARSENIC
confirmed human carcinogen
some
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH): Threshold Limit Value (TLV) Basis
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
cancer
Impurity: ARSENIC
cancer
some
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH): Threshold Limit Value (TLV) Basis
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
lung cancer
Impurity: ARSENIC
lung cancer
some
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH): Threshold Limit Value (TLV) Basis
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
peripheral nervous system impairment
Impurity: LEAD
peripheral nervous system impairment
some
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH): Threshold Limit Value (TLV) Basis
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
hematologic effects
Impurity: LEAD
hematologic effects
some
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH): Threshold Limit Value (TLV) Basis
Gums
Impurity: IODINE
Harmful in contact with skin
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: IODINE
Harmful in contact with skin
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Gums
Impurity: IODINE
Harmful if inhaled
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: IODINE
Harmful if inhaled
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry reports this substance shows some evidence of damage to the developing fetus.
Impurity: ARSENIC
The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry reports this substance shows some evidence of damage to the developing fetus.
some
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services - Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 2007. Toxicological Profile for Arsenic.
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
Possibly carcinogenic to humans
Impurity: LEAD
Possibly carcinogenic to humans
some
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC): Agents classified by the IARC Monographs (through Volume 127)
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
Impurity: LEAD
May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
some
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
Harmful if swallowed
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: LEAD
Harmful if swallowed
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
Harmful if inhaled
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: LEAD
Harmful if inhaled
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
EU GHS Hazard Labeling Codes: GHS Hazard Codes
Gums
Impurity: IODINE
causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: IODINE
causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
may cause cancer
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: ARSENIC
may cause cancer
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
may cause cancer
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: LEAD
may cause cancer
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
may cause harm to breast-fed children
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: LEAD
may cause harm to breast-fed children
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
may damage fertility or the unborn child
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: LEAD
may damage fertility or the unborn child
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: LEAD
causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans
Impurity: LEAD
confirmed animal carcinogen with unknown relevance to humans
some
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH): Threshold Limit Value (TLV) Basis
Gums
Impurity: IODINE
may cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: IODINE
may cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Gums
Impurity: IODINE
Harmful if swallowed
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: IODINE
Harmful if swallowed
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
may cause drowsiness or dizziness
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: ARSENIC
may cause drowsiness or dizziness
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
Harmful if swallowed
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: LEAD
Harmful if swallowed
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
harmful in inhaled
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: LEAD
harmful in inhaled
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Gums
Impurity: LEAD
may cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: LEAD
may cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Gums
Impurity: IODINE
may cause respiratory irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: IODINE
may cause respiratory irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Gums
Impurity: IODINE
Causes skin irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: IODINE
Causes skin irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
Causes serious eye damage
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: ARSENIC
Causes serious eye damage
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
Causes skin irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: ARSENIC
Causes skin irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Gums
Impurity: IODINE
causes serious eye irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: IODINE
causes serious eye irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
Gums
Impurity: ARSENIC
causes serious eye irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
Impurity: ARSENIC
causes serious eye irritation
Only in: Household Cleaners
some
European Chemicals Agency (ECHA): GHS Data from ECHA Website
